Book: Dalail an-Nubuwwah by Bayhaqi
باب ذكر شرف أصل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، ونسبه
Chapter: Chapter on the mention of the noble lineage of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and his ancestry.
Volume: 1 (Page:165)
English:
The Honorable Lineage of Prophet Muhammad, Peace Be Upon Him
We were informed by Abu Abdullah, the dependable authority, and Abu Abdullah, Ishaq ibn Muhammad ibn Yusuf, the Susi, who said: we were narrated by Abu Abbas, Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, he narrated from Rabi ibn Sulayman, Said ibn Uthman. They both narrated from Bishr ibn Bakr, from Al-Awza'i, who said Abu Ammar, Shaddad narrated to him from Wathila ibn Al-Asqa’, who said:
"The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 'Indeed, Allah, Glorious and Exalted, has chosen the sons of Kinana from the descendants of Isma'il, and chosen the Quraysh from the sons of Kinana, the Banu Hashim from the Quraysh, and He chose me from the Banu Hashim.’"
This Hadith was reported by Muslim in the chapter on virtues at the beginning of his collection. It was also reported by At-Tirmidhi in the first book about virtues. He said: “This is a good and authentic Hadith.”. Imam Ahmed also reported this in his Musnad and knowledge of the noble Prophetic lineage is an important element in proving prophetic evidences.
The Indicators of Prophethood
Ibn Khaldun in his discussion about the signs of prophethood, said: "Among their signs is that they are of high lineage among their people". This does not require any evidence to establish it. The Prophet, peace be upon him, was nobility of Banu Hashim, a descendant of Quraysh, the noblest and most honored among the Arabs, from the side of both his father and mother. Even his enemies acknowledged this, as seen in the questioning of Heraclius of Abu Sufyan, as recorded authentically.
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Volume: 1 (Page:166)
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The Saying of Sa'id
Abu Abdullah narrated to us, saying: Ali ibn Abbas al-Iskandarani, in Mecca, told me: Sa'id bin Hashim related to us, saying: Duheim related to us, saying: Walid ibn Muslim related to us, saying: al-Awza'i related to us, from Abu Ammar: Shaddad: that he heard Wathila bin al-Asqa', saying:
"I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, saying: 'Indeed, Allah, Exalted, chose Kinanah from the children of Ismail, and chose Quraysh from Kinanah, and chose Bani Hashim from Quraysh, and he chose me from Bani Hashim.'"
The Details in Sahih Muslim
This was narrated by Muslim in the Sahih, from Muhammad bin Mihran, and others, from Walid bin… then he asked: "How is it among you?" Abu Sufyan said: "He is among us of a noble lineage." Heraclius said: "So is the case with the messengers; they are sent among the nobles in their nations... the meaning of this being that he has strong support and protection against the harm of the disbelievers, until he can fulfill the message of his Lord, and for God's wish to be fulfilled in completing His religion and His nation. Indeed, the most noble of his people is him, and the most noble of his tribes is his tribe, and the noblest of his thighs is his thigh, peace be upon him.
The Saying of Allah
God said, glorified and exalted be He: "God is best aware of where He places his message" [Al-Anaam - 124]. And on the authority of Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas regarding His saying, Exalted be He: "And your movement among those who prostrate" [Al-Shu'ara - 219], he said: From the lineage of a prophet to the lineage of a prophet until you became a prophet.
And Ata’a said: "The Prophet of Allah, peace be upon him, was always being moved into the lines of the prophets until his mother gave birth to him." And Al-Bukhari narrated in the Sahih, in the Book of Virtues (Chapter) the Description of the Prophet, peace be upon him, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: "I was sent from the best generations of the children of Adam, generation after generation, until I arrived at the generation in which I was born."
Ibn Sad and Ibn Asakir
In Ibn Sa'd and Ibn Asakir’s 'The Correction of the History of Damascus' (1:278) : from Anas, he said: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, read: "There has certainly come to you a Messenger from amongst yourselves" with a fat-ha on the ba', and said: "I am yours by lineage, by marriage, and by nobility. In my fathers, there is none from Adam who killed unlawfully, and we are all legitimate."
And On the authority of Ibn Abbas, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: "I came from Adam via legitimate marriages, not through unlawful breeding."
Habib bin Sa'id's Version
[406] in this (version): "The words of Habib bin Sa'id."
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Translation
Narration One
We have been informed by Abu al-Husayn bin al-Fadl al-Qattan, in Baghdad, who said: 'Abdullah bin Ja'far bin Durustawayh told us, who said: Ya'qub bin Sufyan told us, who said: Sulayman bin Harb and al-Hajjaj bin al-Minhal told us, who said: Hammad bin Zayd told us, based on Amr bin Dinar, who heard it from Muhammad bin Ali: Indeed, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: "Indeed, Allah, exalted is He, has chosen: He selected Arabs. Then from them, he chose Kinanah, or Nadr bin Kinanah. From them, He picked Quraysh. He then selected from them then the Bani Hashim. And then He chose me from Bani Hashim."
Narration Two
Abu al-Husayn bin al-Fadl al-Qattan told us, who said: 'Abdullah bin Ja'far told us, who said: Ya'qub bin Sufyan told us, who said: 'Ubayd Allah bin Musa told us, who heard it from Isma'il bin Abi Khalid, from Yazid bin Abi Ziyad, from 'Abdullah bin al-Harith bin Nawfal, from al-'Abbas, who said: I said, "O Messenger of Allah, when members of Quraysh meet, some of them confront the others cheerfully, but when they encounter us, they do so with faces we cannot recognize. This angered the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and he responded fiercely and said: 'By Him in whose hand is the life of Muhammad, a man's faith will not enter his heart until Allah gives him love for you.'
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Volume: 1 (Page:168)
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Translation of a Classical Arabic Text
Hadith: The Prophet's Superiority
I said, "O Messenger of Allah, the Quraysh have gathered to discuss their accounts and they have set you as an example: like a palm tree in a difficult position on the ground." The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, "Verily, when Allah created creation, He placed me among the best of them. Then when he divided them, he placed me in the best of the two groups. Then when he appointed tribes, he placed me in the best tribe. Then when he made homes, He placed me in the best of homes. So, I am the best of them in lineage and the best of them in household."*
Narration Chain
It was narrated to us by Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Hafiz, who said, it was narrated to us by Ali ibn Hammashad, who said, it was narrated to us by Musa ibn Ishaq al-Qadi, who said, it was narrated to us by Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah, who said it was narrated to us by Ibn Fudayl, from Yazid ibn Abi Ziyad, from Abdullah ibn al-Harith, from Rabi'ah ibn al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib, who said: "The Prophet, peace be upon him, was informed that a people had received this revelation and said to him: 'The example of Muhammad is like a palm tree that grows in a rubbish heap.' The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, became angry and then said: 'O people, indeed Allah, the Exalted, created His creation and divided them into two groups, and thus He placed me in the best of them..."
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The Prophet's Saying on Honor
In a saying of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, he stated: "I am the best of you in lineage and the best of you in household." This statement was narrated by Rabee'ah ibn al-Harith among others. Another narrator mentioned that it was from al-Muttalib ibn Rabee'ah ibn al-Harith, who was known for his companionship. It has also been reported that al-Muttalib ibn Abi Wada'ah said that Abbas conveyed some of the rumors circulating amongst the people.
This narration was recorded by Abu Mansoor and transmitted through a chain of narrators ending with al-Muttalib ibn Abi Wada'ah. The Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, addressed these rumors from the pulpit.
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The Prophet Muhammad's Rank and Merit
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) attributed his status to Allah's grace
Praise and thanks to Allah, the Almighty, who created humanity. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, “Who am I?” They replied, “You are the Messenger of Allah.” He then said, “I am Muhammad, the son of Abdullah, from the clan of Hashim. Indeed, Allah created His creation and placed me among the best of them. He divided them into two groups and placed me in the best group. He categorized them into tribes and made me part of the best tribe. He established houses, and I am part of the best house. I am the best among you in both lineage and character.”
The Prophet Muhammad stands as a pinnacle of distinction
It was narrated by Ibn Abbas that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, “Verily, Allah, the Most Exalted, divided His creation into two groups and placed me in the best of them, as stated in the Quran. I am among the companions of the right hand, the best group among them. Then He divided them into three categories and placed me in the best third. I am among the foremost of those who are foremost. Then He categorized them into tribes and placed me among the best tribe according to the verse, ‘And made you into peoples and tribes so that you may know one another. Indeed, the most noble of you in the sight of Allah is the most righteous of you.’ I am the most righteous among the children of Adam and the most honorable among them in the sight of Allah with no boast or pride."
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Excerpt from Classical Arabic Text
He made the tribes into houses, and made me the best of these houses. This is in accordance with His saying, Glorified and Exalted: "Allah intends only to remove from you the impurity [of sin], O people of the [Prophet's] household, and to purify you with [extensive] purification." So I and the members of my household are purified from sins."
Prophet Muhammad is reported to have said: "We were sitting in the Prophet's courtyard when a woman passed by. Some of the people said, 'This is the daughter of the Messenger of Allah.' Abu Sufyan remarked, 'Muhammad's example among the Banu Hashim is like the sweet basil in a dish of food.' The woman then informed the Prophet, who came out with anger visible on his face, and said, 'What is up with people spreading rumors about others? Allah has created seven heavens, and He has chosen the highest of them.'"
Source: Ibn Kathir in Al-Bidaya wal-Nihaya (2:257), mentioning the above incident with a reference to the ayah from Surah Al-Ahzab (33:33). Ibn Kathir also comments, "There is something odd and abhorrent in this narration." Additionally, related narrations include misguided statements by a certain Abaya ibn Rabee, known for extremist views, ascribing a false claim to Ali ibn Abi Talib.
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Volume: 1 (Page:172)
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The Selection of the Arab People According to Hadith
It is narrated that God chose from His creation, then created humanity, and selected from humanity the children of Adam. Among the children of Adam, He chose the Arabs, and from the Arabs, He chose Mudar, and from Mudar, He chose Quraysh, and from Quraysh, He chose the Banu Hashim. And from the Banu Hashim, He chose me. So, I am from the best of the best. Whoever loves the Arabs, I am loved by them; and whoever despises the Arabs, I am despised by them." This saying is attributed to Abu Abdullah.*
Many scholars have discussed this narration and pointed out its weaknesses. For instance, Ibn Abi Hatim al-Razi mentioned it in his book Al-Ilal as being a rejected hadith. Al-Hakim also included it in Al-Mustadrak and Ibn Kathir in Al-Bidayah wa Al-Nihayah, labeling it as a strange narration. Al-Aqili portrayed this hadith in the context of weak narrations and mentioned that it should not be relied upon. One of its narrators, Yazid ibn Awana, was deemed weak by Al-Aqili as well. This narration is considered unreliable by prominent scholars such as Al-Bukhari, Abu Hatim, Al-Nasai, Ibn Hibban, Ad-Daraqutni, and As-Saji.
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Volume: 1 (Page:173)
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Hadith Narrations
Narrated by Rabībah, the wife of the Prophet (peace be upon him)
Rabībah, the wife of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) reported that the Messenger of Allah forbade the use of dubba' (a container made of pumpkin or gourd) and hantam (a leather bag used for transporting wine to Medina).
When asked about a man from the Mudar tribe, Rabībah replied that there couldn't have been anyone other than a Mudari from the Banu Nadir tribe.
Narrated by Al-Ash'ath ibn Qays
Al-Ash'ath ibn Qays asked the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) whether they (his people) were from them (the Prophet's tribe), to which the Prophet answered: "We are Banu Nadir ibn Kinanah. We do not reject our ancestry, and our mothers are with us."
These hadiths are cited in Sahih al-Bukhari and other relevant sources.
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Volume: 1 (Page:174)
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Translation of Classical Arabic Text
Al-Ash'ath's Words on Safety of Quraysh
Al-Ash'ath said, "I have not found anyone, firstly, from Quraysh except that I would have them punished." Abu Al-Hasan Ali ibn Ahmed ibn Muhammad ibn Hafas Al-Muqri' from Baghdad informed us that Abu Isa Bakkar ibn Ahmed ibn Bakkar narrated to us that Abu Ja'far Ahmed ibn Musa ibn Saeed informed us in the year 296 AH that Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Aban Al-Qalansi informed us that Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Rabia Al-Qudami narrated to us that Malik ibn Anas from Az-Zuhri from Anas ibn Malik and from Abu Bakr ibn Abdul Rahman ibn Al-Harith ibn Hisham said, "The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was informed that a group from Kindah claimed to be part of them. He said, 'That person was Al-Abbas and Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, when they arrived in Medina seeking safety. We will not disclaim our forefathers, we are the descendants of Nadr ibn Kinanah.'" The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, then gave a sermon and said, "I am Muhammad, son of Abdullah, son of Abdul-Muttalib, son of Hashim, son of Abd Manaf, son of Qusayy, son of Kilab, son of Murrah, son of Ka'b, son of Lu'ayy, son of Ghalib, son of Fahr, son of Malik, son of Nadr, son of Kinanah, son of Khuzaymah, son of Mudrikah, son of Ilyas, son of Mudar, son of Nizar. Whenever people divided into two groups, Allah placed me in the better one. I was born between two virtuous individuals and did not experience any uncivilized acts of the pre-Islamic era. I was born into marriage, not from adultery, until I reached my father and mother. I am the best choice among you."
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Volume: 1 (Page:175)
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Hadith Narration about the Prophets' Generations
It was narrated that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said:
"I was sent from the best generations of the children of Adam, generation after generation, until I was sent from the generation in which I lived."
This hadith was categorized as very strange from the narration of Malik, preserved by the old scholars but is considered weak. Ibn Kathir mentioned it in "Al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya" (2:255), and in it is Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Rabi'a al-Qudami, from the people of misstatement, who altered more than a hundred and fifty hadiths of Malik. Ibn Hibban cited this in "Al-Majruhin" (2:39).
The hadith was reported by al-Bukhari in Book 61, The Virtues of the Prophets, Hadith 23. It is a description among his, peace be upon him, attributes, and only al-Bukhari has reported it. The wording "in which I lived" and "from it" are both authenticated.
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Volume: 1 (Page:176)
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Translation of Classical Arabic Text
Hadith Narration
It was narrated by Al-Bukhari, from Qutaybah, from Ya'qub, from Amr.
Narrators
Abu Al-Qasim Abdullah bin Ali bin Abdullah Al-Mu'adhinn Naysaburi informed us. He said:
- Abu Bakr bin Khanb informed us
- Abu Qilabah informed us
- Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us
- Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Attab Al-Abdi narrated from Baghdad
- Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Abu Al-Awwam Ar-Riyahi informed us
- Buhuloul bin Al-Muarrqi informed us
- Musa bin Ubaydah narrated
- Amr bin Abdullah bin Nawfal narrated
- Al-Zuhri informed us
- Abu Salama narrated
- Aisha said:
Prophet's Saying
"The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Gabriel said to me, 'I traveled across the earth's east and west, and I found no one better than Muhammad. I traveled across the earth's east and west, and I found no tribe better than Banu Hashim.'"
Explanation Note
Some parts of the narration have discrepancies, but collectively they confirm each other, and the essence goes back to what we learned from Wathilah bin Al-Asqaa and Abu Huraira. Allah knows best.
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Volume: 1 (Page:177)
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Translation of a Classical Arabic Text
Accounts from the Sahaba
Abu Bakr reported to us: Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ghalib al-Khwarazmi, in Baghdad, said: Abu al-Abbas reported to us: Muhammad ibn Ahmed - that is, ibn Hamdan al-Naysaburi - said: Muhammad ibn Ayyub reported to us, saying: Mohammad ibn Kathir al-Abdi reported to us, saying: Sufyan ibn Saeed narrated to us, from Abu Ishaq, who said: I heard Baraa ibn Azib say that a man came to him and asked: "Did you flee on the day of Hunayn, O Abu Umamah?" He replied: "No, but I bear witness that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, did not flee. The people rushed forward in haste, and they were encountered with arrows. Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith held the reins of his white mule and declared: "I am the Prophet, no lie..." This was narrated by al-Bukhari in his authentic collection through Mohammad ibn Kathir. Muslim also narrated it from another angle, through Sufyan.
Genealogy of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
Abu al-Husayn ibn al-Fadl al-Qattan reported to us: Abdullah ibn Jafar reported to us, saying: Yaqub ibn Sufyan reported to us, saying: Ibrahim ibn al-Mundhir said: I asked Abdul Aziz ibn Imran to recite my lineage back to Adam. He recited: "Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, son of Abd Allah, son of Abdul-Muttalib, son of Hashim, son of Abdul Manaf, son of Qusayy, son of Kilab, son of Murrah, son of Ka'b, son of Lu'ayy, son of Ghalib, son of Fihr, son of Malik, son of Nadhr, son of Kinanah, son of Khuzaymah, son of Mudrikah, son of Ilyas, son of Mudar, son of Nizar, son of Ma'd."
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Volume: 1 (Page:178)
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The Genealogy of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)
I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) saying, "Ma'add ibn Adnan, ibn Udad, ibn Zand, ibn Yurah, ibn A'raaq." Um Salama asked about their names: Ma'add, Adnan, Udad, Zand, Yurah, and Isma'il ibn Ibrahim is from A'raaq ath-Thar." Ibrahim ibn al-Mundhir dictated to me that Muhammad ibn Talha ibn at-Taweel at-Taymi said, "Muhammad ibn Abdullah is his name, up to Ma'add ibn Adnan." Abu Abdullah al-Haafiz informed us that Abu Bakr said that Muhammad ibn Abdullah mentioned 'Zaid' instead of 'Ibn Udad ibn Yura'. Ad-Daraqutni remarked, "We only know 'Zand' from this hadith." In the narration, 'A'raaq ath-Thar' is his name as will be mentioned later. Al-Suhayli mentioned it in "Al-Rawd al-Anaf," al-Tabari in "Al-Tarikh," and Ibn Kathir in "Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya." It is universally agreed that our master Muhammad ibn Abdullah, son of Abdul-Muttalib, son of Hashim, son of Abd Manaf, son of Qusay, son of Kilab, is his lineage.
His mother was Aminah bint Wahb, son of Abd Manaf, son of Zuhrah, son of Kilab, son of Murrah, son of Ka'b, son of Lu'ay, son of Ghalib, son of Fihr, son of Malik, son of An-Nadr, son of Kinanah, son of Khuzaymah, son of Mudrikah, son of Ilyas, son of Mudar, son of Nizar, son of Ma'add, son of Adnan. This is the correct lineage agreed upon regarding the genealogy of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him).
It is confirmed that Adnan is from the descendants of Isma'il, son of Ibrahim (peace be upon them). The difference lies in the number of generations between Adnan and Isma'il, and similarly from Ibrahim back to Adam, as only Allah knows the true lineage.
It is reported that Urwah ibn Az-Zubayr said, “We found no one who knows the intermediaries between Adnan and Isma'il.” Ibn Abbas said, “Between Adnan and Isma'il are thirty forefathers unknown.” Umar said, "We only trace our lineage to Adnan, and what is above that, we do not know." It has been authentically reported that the Prophet (peace be upon him) traced his lineage only to Adnan, and when Adnan was mentioned, he said, "The genealogists have lied" two or three times.
Malik and a group of scholars disliked attributing one's lineage to Adam, as it is pure speculation.
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Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) Genealogy
Ibn 'Attab al-'Abdiyy, from Baghdad, narrated: Ahmad ibn Haban ibn Mula'ib, said: Khalid ibn Makhlad al-Qatwani, said: Musa ibn Ya'qub, from his uncle Al-Harith ibn Abdullah ibn Zam'ah, from his father, from Umm Salamah, she said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) saying: "Ma'dd ibn 'Adnan ibn Udad, ibn Zand, ibn Yurah, ibn 'Araaqith-Tharra,” and then the Prophet recited: "And he destroyed the first 'Aad, and Thamud, he spared none; and the people of Noah—before them, and the confederates of 'Ad and the callers of Thamud...and many generations." (Quran 55:51-56)
Umm Salamah continued: "And 'Araaqith-Tharra is Isma'il ibn Ibrahim, and Zaid is Hamaisa', and Yurah is Nabit."
Prophet Muhammad's (ﷺ) Lineage According to Ibn Ishaaq
Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz narrated: Abu Al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub said: Ahmad ibn Abd al-Jabbar al-'Utaridi, said: Yunus ibn Bukayr, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq, who said: "Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), is the son of Abdullah, son of 'Abd al-Muttalib, son of Hashim, son of 'Abd Manaf, son of Qusay, son of Kilab, son of Murrah, son of Ka'b, son of Lu'ay, son of Ghalib, son of Fihr, son of Malik, son of Nadhr, son of Kinanah, son of Khuzaymah, son of Mudrikah, son of Ilyas, son of Mudar, son of Nizar, son of Ma'add, son of 'Adnan, son of Udad, son of Al Muqawwam, son of Nahur, son of Tarah, son of Ya'rub, son of Yashjub, son of Nabit, son of Isma'il, son of Ibrahim, son of Azar." It is found in the Torah as Ibn Tarikh, Ibn Nahur, Ibn Arghuway.
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Genealogy of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)
Prophet Muhammad is from the lineage of Adnan, with nothing reliable beyond Adnan.
Chain of Narration
Saarih, ibn Falih, ibn 'Aabir, ibn Shaalikh, ibn Arfakhshad, ibn Saam, ibn Nuh, ibn Lamak, ibn Mutushalakh, ibn Akhnukh, ibn Yarad, ibn Mahlayeel, ibn Qaynan, ibn Anush, ibn Sheeth, ibn Adam, the father of mankind, may the blessings of Allah be upon him and upon the chosen, good prophets.
Reported by Ubayd ibn Ya'ish from Yunus ibn Bukayr, mentioning the genealogy up to Qaynan, the son of Sheeth, the son of Adam. Other variations exist, discussed by scholars and genealogists.
Opinions and Disagreements
Scholars debated on this narration, but the details are lengthy and not very beneficial. The esteemed scholar Abu 'Abdullah al-Hafiz remarked that the genealogy of the Prophet is correct up to Adnan, and nothing beyond Adnan should be relied upon.
Chain of Narration of Hadith
Abu Nasr ibn Qatadah reported from Abu Al-Hasan that Ali ibn 'Isa Al-Malini reported from Muhammad ibn Al-Hasan ibn Al-Khalil An-Nasawi regarding Aba Kuraib. Corrections and additional details were noted in the manuscripts.
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Translation of Classical Arabic Text
Historical Narrative:
It was narrated to me by Yahya ibn Al-Jarrah, from Hisham ibn Urwah, from his father, from Abu Rayhanah Al-Amiri, that Muawiyah said to Ibn Abbas: "Why was Quraysh named Quraysh?" He said: "Because of a beast in the sea, the largest of its kind, known as 'al-Qirsh'. It does not pass by any garbage or fat except that it devours it." He then requested a poem about it, and I recited the verses of Al-Jumahi:
Quraysh is the one that dwells by the sea,
Thus, it was named Quraysh, the devourers,
Eating garbage and fat, never ceasing,
In it lies the one with two feathered wings,
Just as in the lands reside the living Quraysh,
Feeding on lands voraciously like a comb,
And at the end of time comes a Prophet,
Who will increase killing among them and silence."
Lineage:
Abdul-Muttalib's name: Shaybah. Hashim's name: Amr ibn Abd Manaf.
Abd Manaf's name: Al-Mughirah ibn Qusayy. Qusayy's name: Zaid, ibn Kilab, ibn Murrah, ibn Ka'b, ibn Lu'ay, ibn Ghalib, ibn Fahr, ibn Malik, ibn Nadar ibn Kinana.
(Source: Al-Bidayah wal-Nihayah 2:201)
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Biography of The Prophet's Ancestors
[Ibn Khuzaymah (469)], Ibn Mudrikah, Ibn Ilyas, Ibn Mudaar.
Reported by: Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz, who said: Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad ibn Yahya Ad-Darimi - who is known as Abu Ahmad - told us, narrated to us by Abdul Rahman, son of Abi Hatim who said: Abdullah ibn Ahmad ibn Hanbal informed me from what was written to him. He said: I found in a book written by my father's hand: Muhammad ibn Idris Al-Shafi'i said: The first people to trace their genealogy to the Prophet (peace be upon him) were the Banu Abd Al-Muttalib. He mentioned them and among the Banu Hashim: Abd Al-Muttalib, and Asad - the father of Fatimah, the mother of Ali, and Nadr, and Abu Sayfiyyah. It is also said: Sayfiyy.
Then he mentioned the descendants of Banu Abd Al-Muttalib, then the descendants of Banu Abd Shams, followed by Banu Nawfal, Banu Asad ibn Abd Al-Uzza ibn Qusay, and Banu Abd Ad-Dar ibn Qusay. Then he mentioned the descendants of Banu Zuhrah ibn Kilab ibn Murrah, and mentioned among them the mother of the Prophet, Aminah bint Wahb ibn Abd Manaf ibn Zuhrah. He then mentioned the descendants of Banu Taym ibn Murrah, and then Banu Makhzum ibn Yaqadha ibn Murrah. He also mentioned Banu Adi ibn Ka'b. Then Banu Jumah and Sahm, the two sons of Amr ibn Husayb ibn Ka'b ibn Lu'ay.
He also mentioned the descendants of Banu Al-Harith ibn Fihr, and the known names of the Companions and their followers who belong to some of these tribes. All of this, we confirm based on the Will of Allah Almighty in the book "Virtues of the Companions," may Allah be pleased with them.
I was informed that Abu Kabshah was the first to abandon the religion of the tribe of Bani Shi'b, and when he opposed the Prophet and the religion of the Quraysh, and adopted the Haneefiyah, they linked him with and attributed him to Abu Kabshah, saying: the son of Abu Kabshah.
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Sayyid Abi 'Amrā ibn Wajz ibn Ghālib ibn ‘Āmir: An Esteemed Figure
The reports indicate that he was a prominent leader among his people, known as Khuzā‘ah. His full name was Wajz ibn Ghālib ibn ‘Āmir, and he was the father of ‘Amrah bint Wajz. ‘Amrah was the mother of Wahb ibn ‘Abd Manāf, who was the Prophet Muhammad's foster brother.
Paternal Lineage and Family Background
His lineage can be traced back to Abī Kabsah from his mother's side. His mother was Āminah bint Wahb ibn ‘Abd Manāf, who belonged to the Banū Zuhrah clan. Āminah’s mother was Barrah bint ‘Abd al-‘Uzzā ibn ‘Uthmān ibn ‘Abd ad-Dār, and her mother was Umm Sufyān bint Asad ibn ‘Abd al-‘Uzzā.
Nursing Mother of the Prophet Muhammad
Halīmah bint Sufyān al-Sa‘dīyah, from the Banū Sa‘d ibn Bakr ibn Hawāzin, was the nursing mother who looked after the Prophet Muhammad until he grew older.
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Genealogy of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
In the lineage of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), his wife was Halimah, the daughter of Harith ibn ‘Abd al-‘Uzza.
Some sources mention alternate names: Um Sulaym was replaced with Um Habib, and ‘Uwayj was replaced with ‘Urayj.
It is also reported that the Prophet (PBUH) was breastfed by Thuwaybah, the servant of Abu Lahab. Abu Lahab's real name was ‘Abd al-‘Uzza
Lineage of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
- Grandmother: Fatimah bint ‘Amr, daughter of ‘A'idh, son of ‘Imran, son of Makhzum
- Mother: Sahrah bint ‘Abdah, daughter of ‘Imran, son of Makhzum
- Maternal grandmother: Takhrmum bint ‘Abd, daughter of Qusayy, son of Kilab, son of Murrah
- Maternal great-grandmother: Salma bint ‘Amirah, daughter of Wadi'ah, son of al-Harith, son of Fihri
Hadith on Love and Kinship
It is narrated that Ibn ‘Abbas mentioned in relation to the verse "Say, I do not ask you for it any payment except love for my relatives", that every member of the Quraysh tribe was related to the Prophet (PBUH) in some way. The Prophet (PBUH) said, "I do not ask you for any reward for delivering this message except love for my relatives". He emphasized the importance of maintaining good relations with kin and cited this verse as a commandment on love and charity.
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Translation of Classical Islamic Arabic Text
Explaining the Verse:
In an authentic narration from Shu'bah, it is mentioned that people inquired about the verse that says: "Say, 'I do not ask you for this message any payment except love for my relatives.'" They wrote to Ibn Abbas asking him about it, and he replied that the Prophet Muhammad was the most noble in lineage among the Quraysh, as every branch of their lineage is linked to him. Thus, Allah instructed him to ask for nothing except love for his relatives because he did not want them to harm him due to his closeness to them.
Hushaim also narrated a similar account through Husayn from Ikrimah from Ibn Abbas.
Mentions of the Prophet's Relatives:
Concerning the Prophet's aunts, it is reported by Abu Abdullah that Muhammad bin Ya'qub heard Muhammad bin al-Husayn bin Abi al-Hasan mentioning from Abu Ghasan who heard from Ibn Uyaynah.
(The narration referenced can be found in Sahih al-Bukhari - Book of Virtues, Volume 6, p. 526, and also in Tafsir of Surah ash-Shura, Volume 8, p. 564. It is also included in Tafsir of the same Surah by at-Tirmidhi, and the grade "Hasan Sahih" by an-Nasai. Ibn Hajar also included it in his commentary on Fath al-Bari, Volume 8, p. 564.)
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Family of the Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be upon Him)
The paternal aunts of the Prophet, peace be upon him, were the daughters of Abd al-Muttalib:
- Aatikah
- Umm Hakim (the white one), who was the twin of Abd Allah
- Safiyyah, who was the mother of Zubayr
- Barrah
- Umaymah
It was narrated that Abd Allah, the son of Abd al-Muttalib, when his death approached, said to his daughters: "Weep over me until I hear you." The six women present were: Umaymah, Umm Hakim, Barrah, Aatikah, Safiyyah, and Arwa.
These were the aunts of the Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be upon Him).
(*Reference: Ibn Hisham's Sirah, p. 180)
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Chapters
- 1 . The newspaper of sources and references which were attributed to its page numbers and its parts, and the date of its printings during the verification of the book "Prophethood Evidences".
جريدة المصادر والمراجع التي جرى العزو إلى أرقام صفحاتها وإلى أجزائها، وتاريخ طبعاتها أثناء تحقيق كتاب دلائل النبوة - 2 . Chapter on Accepting the News
فصل في قبول الأخبار - 3 . Chapter on Who Accepts His News
فصل فيمن يقبل خبره - 4 . Chapter
فصل - 5 . Chapter on the Mursal Traditions
فصل في المراسيل - 6 . Chapter on the Differences in Hadiths
فصل في اختلاف الأحاديث - 7 . This text encompasses the chapters and biographical entries that are included in the book "Proofs of Prophecy and Knowledge of the Conditions of the Lawgiver", Muhammad bin Abdullah, the best of creation and messenger of the Lord of Majesty, may God bless him and his family.
جماع ذكر الأبواب والتراجم التي اشتمل [١٠٣] عليها كتاب دلائل النبوة ومعرفة أحوال صاحب الشريعة محمد بن عبد الله خير البرية ورسول رب العزة صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم [١٠٤] - 8 . The author's introduction to the book
تقدمة المصنف للكتاب - 9 . The collection of the chapters on the birth of the Prophet [16], peace be upon him, [17].
جماع أبواب مولد النبي [١٦] صلى الله عليه وسلم، [١٧] - 10 . Chapter Explanation [18] The day on which the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, was born.
باب بيان [١٨] اليوم الذي ولد فيه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - 11 . The chapter of the month in which the Messenger of God was born, peace and blessings be upon him.
باب الشهر الذي ولد فيه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - 12 . The chapter of the year in which the Prophet of God, peace be upon him, was born [32]
باب العام الذي ولد فيه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم [٣٢] - 13 . Chapter on the mention of the birth of the Chosen One (the Prophet Muhammad), peace be upon him, and the signs that appeared during his birth, before it, and after it.
باب ذكر مولد المصطفى، صلى الله عليه وسلم، والآيات التي ظهرت عند ولادته وقبلها وبعدها - 14 . Chapter on what came about the digging of [111] Zamzam, in a concise manner.
باب ما جاء في حفر [١١١] زمزم، على طريق الاختصار - 15 . The Chapter on the Vow of Abdul Muttalib
باب نذر عبد المطلب - 16 . The Chapter of Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib's marriage: The father [154] of the Prophet, peace be upon him, married Amina bint Wahb, and she became pregnant with the Messenger of God, peace be upon him, and gave birth to him.
باب تزوج عبد الله بن عبد المطلب: أبي [١٥٤] النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بآمنة بنت وهب، وحملها برسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، ووضعها إياه - 17 . Chapter: How your Lord dealt with the companions of the elephant in the year in which the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was born, and what preceded it from the consequential matter, in summary.
باب كيف فعل ربك بأصحاب الفيل في السنة التي ولد فيها رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، وما كان قبله من أمر تبع، على سبيل الاختصار - 18 . Chapter on what came about the shaking of the palace of Khosrow and the fall of its balcony, the sighting of the banished, the quenching of the fires, and other signs on the night of the birth of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him.
باب ما جاء في ارتجاس ايوان كسرى وسقوط شرفه، ورؤيا الموبذان، وخمود النيران، وغير ذلك من الآيات، ليلة ولد رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم - 19 . Chapter on the mention of the Prophet's breastfeeding, peace be upon him, his wet nurse and the one who nursed him [293]
باب ذكر رضاع النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، ومرضعته وحاضنته [٢٩٣] - 20 . Chapter: Mentioning the Names of the Prophet of Allah, Peace Be Upon Him
باب ذكر اسماء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - 21 . Chapter: Mentioning the nickname of the Prophet of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.
باب ذكر كنية رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم - 22 . Chapter on the mention of the noble lineage of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and his ancestry.
باب ذكر شرف أصل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، ونسبه - 23 . Chapter on the mention of the death of Abdullah, the father of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and the death of his mother Amina Bint Wahb, and the death of his grandfather Abd al-Muttalib Ibn Hashim.
باب ذكر وفاة عبد الله أبي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ووفاة أمه آمنة بنت وهب ووفاة جده عبد المطلب بن هاشم - 24 . The compilation of the characteristics of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him.
جماع أبواب صفة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - 25 . The chapter on the description of his face, peace be upon him.
باب صفة وجهه صلى الله عليه وسلم - 26 . Chapter on the Description of the Color of the Prophet, peace be upon him.
باب صفة لون رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - 27 . Chapter on the Description of the Eyes, Eyebrows and Mouth of the Messenger of Allah, Peace Be Upon Him.
باب صفة عين رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وأشفاره وفمه - 28 . Chapter on the description of the forehead, eyebrows, nose, mouth, and teeth of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him.
باب صفة جبين رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وحاجبيه وأنفه وفمه وأسنانه - 29 . The chapter on the head of the Prophet of God, peace be upon him, and the description of his beard.
باب رأس رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وصفة لحيته - 30 . Chapter on the Description of the Prophet Muhammad's Hair, Peace be Upon Him
باب صفة شعر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - 31 . Chapter on the Mention of the Prophet's Graying Hair, Peace Be Upon Him, and What is Reported About His Dyeing It
باب ذكر شيب النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وما ورد في خضابه - 32 . Chapter on the description of what is between the shoulders of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.
باب صفة بعد ما بين منكبي رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم. - 33 . Chapter on the description of the Prophet's hand, Peace be upon him, his feet, his armpits, his arms, his legs, and his chest.
باب صفة كفي رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، وقدميه، وإبطيه، وذراعيه، وساقيه، وصدره - 34 . Chapter on the Description of the Prophet Muhammad's Stature, peace and blessings be upon him.
باب صفة قامة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - 35 . Chapter on the Good Scent of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, the coolness of his hand, its softness in the hand of who touches it, and the description of his sweat.
باب طيب رائحة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وبرودة يده ولينها في يد من مسها، وصفة عرقه - 36 . Chapter on the Description of the Seal of Prophethood
باب صفة خاتم النبوة - 37 . Chapter: Compilation of the Attributes of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.
باب جامع صفة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - 38 . Chapter [1] Narration of Umm Ma'bad [2] Describing the Attributes of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.
باب [١] حديث أم معبد [٢] في صفة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - 39 . The narration of Hind bin Abi Hala [1] regarding the description of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him.
حديث هند بن أبي هالة [١] في صفة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم - 40 . Chapter on mentioning the narrations recounted about his noble qualities and morals in a concise manner. Witnessed by what we have narrated in the authentic Hadith of Hind son of Abi Hala.
باب ذكر أخبار رويت في شمائله وأخلاقه على طريق الاختصار [تشهد] [١] لما روينا في حديث هند بن أبي هالة بالصحة - 41 . Chapter: Mentioning the reports which were narrated about his asceticism in the worldly life and his patience in face of its extreme hardship, his preference for the hereafter, and what God Almighty has prepared for him therein, over the worldly life.
باب ذكر أخبار رويت في زهده في الدنيا وصبره على القوت الشديد فيها، واختياره الدار الآخرة، وما أعد الله تعالى له فيها، على الدنيا - 42 . Chapter on the conversation about the expenditure of the Messenger of God [1], peace and blessings be upon him, and in it is God the Almighty's sufficiency for his concern, and his effort for the poor and the wayfarer.
باب حديث نفقة رسول الله [١] صلى الله عليه وسلم، وما في ذلك من كفاية الله تعالى همه، وسعيه على الفقراء وابن السبيل - 43 . Chapter on What is Mentioned about His Sitting with the Poor and the Needy, the People of Virtue
باب ما جاء في جلوسه مع الفقراء والمساكين أهل الصفة - 44 . Chapter [1] Mentioning the diligent effort of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, in obeying his Lord, the Almighty and Majestic, and his fear of Him, in a brief manner.
باب [١] ذكر اجتهاد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، في طاعة ربه، عز وجل، وخوفه منه، على طريق الاختصار - 45 . Chapter: What indicates that he was the most capable of people with the hand, and the most patient among them on hunger, along with what God honored him [1] with, of blessings in what he invoked from food.
باب ما يستدل به على أنه كان أجزى الناس باليد، وأصبرهم على الجوع، مع ما أكرمه الله [١] به من البركة فيما دعا فيه من الأطعمة - 46 . Chapter on what has come regarding the example of our Prophet, peace be upon him, and the example of the Prophets, peace be upon them, before him, and his announcement that he is the seal of the prophets; thus, it was as he informed.
باب ما جاء في مثل نبينا صلى الله عليه وسلم، ومثل الأنبياء عليهم السلام، قبله، وإخباره بأنه خاتم النبيين فكان كما أخبر - 47 . Chapter on what has been mentioned about his likeness, the likeness of his nation, their likeness, and the likeness of what he brought from guidance and explanation, and that his eyes, peace be upon him, were sleeping but his heart was awake.
باب ما جاء في مثله ومثل أمته ومثلهم ومثل ما جاء به من الهدى والبيان، وأن عينيه، صلى الله عليه وسلم، كانتا تنامان والقلب يقظان - 48 . The chapter on the description of the Prophet of Allah, peace be upon him, in the Torah, the Gospel, the Psalms, and all other books, and the description of his nation.
باب صفة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، في التوراة والإنجيل والزبور وسائر الكتب، وصفة أمته - 49 . The chapter concerning what was found of the image of our Prophet Muhammad, may peace be upon him, associated with the images of Prophets before him in Syria (the Levant).
باب ما وجد من صورة نبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم، مقرونة بصورة الأنبياء قبله بالشام