Book: Dalail an-Nubuwwah by Bayhaqi

باب كيف كان بدء القتال، وتهييج الحرب يوم بدر

Chapter: Chapter on How the Fighting Began, and the Inflaming of the War on the Day of Badr

Volume: 3 (Page:62)

English:

The Beginning of the Battle and the Raising of Warfare on the Day of Badr

It was narrated to us by Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Yusuf al-Asbahani, who said: It was narrated to us by Abu Saeed ibn al-A'arabi, who said: It was narrated to us by Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad al-Za'farani, who said: It was narrated to us by Shababa, who said: It was narrated to us by Israel, from Abu Ishaq, from Haritha, from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) who said: "When we arrived in Al-Madinah, we suffered from its fruits, and we fell ill due to them, and we faced fatigue. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, inquired about the wells of Badr. When we were informed that the polytheists were advancing, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, headed towards Badr. We preceded the polytheists to it, and found there two men: a man from the Quraysh and a freed slave of Uqbah ibn Abi Mu'ayt. The Qurayshi escaped, but the slave of Uqbah was captured. We asked him about the number of the enemy, and he replied, 'By Allah, their number is great, and their strength is severe.' When Muslims were told this, they beat him until he was brought to the Prophet, who asked him the same question. He answered similarly, and when the Prophet asked him specifically how many camels they would slaughter, he said ten."

(1) Fajtawainaha (We fell ill due to them): We were afflicted by fever and exhaustion, as a result of the produce in Al-Madinah after our migration. The Prophet prayed for Al-Madinah and its people.

(2) Al-Wa'k: Fever or pain experienced by a person due to extreme fatigue.

(3) Yatakhbir: Recognize or inquire.

(4) Al-Juzoor: Slaughtered camels, which could refer to both male and female camels, as the term is feminine.

Arabic:

بَابُ كَيْفَ كَانَ بَدْءُ الْقِتَالِ، وَتَهْيِيجُ الْحَرْبِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سعيد ابن الْأَعْرَابِيِّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا شَبَابَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ حَارِثَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: «لَمَّا قَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ أَصَبْنَا مِنْ ثِمَارِهَا فَاجْتَوَيْنَاهَا [ (١) ] وَأَصَابَنَا بِهَا وَعَكٌ [ (٢) ] ، وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّه عليه وسلم يَتَخَبَّرُ [ (٣) ] عَنْ بَدْرٍ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَدْ أَقْبَلُوا، سَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّه عليه وسلم إِلَى بَدْرٍ- وَبَدْرٌ بِئْرٌ- فَسَبَقْنَا الْمُشْرِكِينَ إِلَيْهَا فَوَجَدْنَا فِيهَا رَجُلَيْنِ: رَجُلًا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَمَوْلًى لِعُقْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ، فَأَمَّا الْقُرَشِيُّ فَانْفَلَتَ، وَأَمَّا مَوْلَى عُقْبَةَ فَأَخَذْنَاهُ فَجَعَلْنَا نَقُولُ لَهُ كَمِ الْقَوْمُ فَيَقُولُ هُمْ وَاللهِ كَثِيرٌ عَدَدُهُمْ، شَدِيدٌ بَأْسُهُمْ، فَجَعَلَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إِذَا قَالَ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ ضَرَبُوهُ حَتَّى انْتَهَوْا بِهِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ كَمِ الْقَوْمُ قَالَ هُمْ وَاللهِ كَثِيرٌ عَدَدُهُمْ شَدِيدٌ بَأْسُهُمْ، فَجَهَدَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُخْبِرَ بِكَمْ هِيَ فَأَبَى ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَأَلَهُ كَمْ يَنْحَرُونَ مِنَ الْجَزُورِ [ (٤) ] فَقَالَ عَشَرَةٌ كل[ (١) ] (فاجتويناها) : أصابنا الجوى، وهو المرض، والتعب، والوعك، وقد تقدم كيف أن بعض الصحابة مرض من جوّ المدينة بعد الهجرة، وأن الرسول صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم قد دعا للمدينة وأهلها.[ (٢) ] (الوعك) : الحمّى، أو الألم يجده الإنسان من شدة التعب.[ (٣) ] (يتخبر) : يتعرف.[ (٤) ] (الجزور) : الناقة المجزورة، ويقع على الذكر والأنثى، وهو يؤنث لأن اللفظة مؤنثة.

Volume: 3 (Page:63)

English:

Story of the Battle of Badr

One day, the Prophet of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, gathered his companions and prayed for rain. During the night, a shower of rain fell, and they sought shelter under a tree. The Prophet prayed to Allah, asking for the destruction of the opposing group. At dawn, he called his companions to pray together, and then led them in prayer, urging them towards battle. He informed them of the Quraysh gathering near the red sand dune.

As the group approached, a man riding a camel from the opposition was spotted. The Prophet instructed Ali to call for Hamza, who was closest to the pagans of Quraysh, and inquire about their intentions. It was discovered that Utbah ibn Rabi'ah was advising against fighting, causing a stir among his people.

Abu Jahl challenged Utbah's stance, expressing contempt at his reluctance to fight. Utbah, angered, announced his readiness to prove his bravery. He, along with his brother and son, stepped forward. Shaybah from the Ansar approached, but Utbah insisted on facing someone from his tribe. In response, the Prophet called upon Ali, Hamza, and Ubaydah ibn al-Harith to confront them.

During the battle, Utbah, Shaybah, and Walid ibn Utbah were killed, and Ubaydah was wounded. The outcome displayed the bravery and valor of the Muslims in the face of adversity.

Arabic:

يَوْمٍ فَقَالَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وسلم الْقَوْمُ أَلْفٌ كُلُّ جَزُورٍ لِمِائَةٍ وَتَبَعِهَا، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَصَابَنَا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ طَشٌّ مِنْ مَطَرٍ، فَانْطَلَقْنَا تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ وَالْجَحَفِ نَسْتَظِلُّ بِهَا مِنَ الْمَطَرِ، وَبَاتَ رَسُولُ الله صلى اللَّه عليه وَسَلَّمَ يَدْعُو رَبَّهُ وَيَقُولُ اللهُمَّ إِنَّكَ إِنْ تُهْلِكْ هَذِهِ الْعِصَابَةَ لَا تُعْبَدْ فِي الْأَرْضِ، فَلَمَّا طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ نَادَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الصَّلَاةَ جَامِعَةً، فَجَاءَ النَّاسُ مِنْ تَحْتِ الشَّجَرِ وَالْجَحَفِ فَصَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وسلم وَحَضَّ عَلَى الْقِتَالِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ:إِنَّ جَمْعَ قُرَيْشٍ عِنْدَ هَذِهِ الضِّلَعِ الْحَمْرَاءِ مِنَ الْجَبَلِ فَلَمَّا دَنَا الْقَوْمُ مِنَّا وَصَافَفْنَاهُمْ إِذَا رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ يَسِيرُ فِي الْقَوْمِ عَلَى جَمَلٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا عَلِيُّ نَادِ لِي حَمْزَةَ وَكَانَ أَقْرَبَهُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ مِنْ صَاحِبِ الْجَمَلِ الْأَحْمَرِ وَمَاذَا يَقُولُ لَهُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنْ يَكُ فِي الْقَوْمِ أَحَدٌ يَأْمُرُ بِخَيْرٍ فَعَسَى أَنْ يَكُونَ صَاحِبَ الْجَمَلِ الْأَحْمَرِ فَجَاءَ حَمْزَةُ فَقَالَ: هُوَ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ، وَهُوَ يَنْهَى عَنِ الْقِتَالِ، وَيَقُولُ لَهُمْ: يَا قَوْمُ إِنِّي أَرَى أَقْوَامًا مُسْتَمِيتِينَ لَا تَصِلُونَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَفِيكُمْ خَيْرٌ، يَا قَوْمُ اعْصِبُوهَا الْيَوْمَ بِرَأْسِي وَقُولُوا جَبُنَ عُتْبَةُ وَقَدْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي لَسْتُ بِأَجْبَنِكُمْ. فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ تَقُولُ هَذَا وَاللهِ لَوْ غَيْرُكَ يَقُولُ هَذَا لَأَعْضَضْتُهُ [ (٥) ] ، قَدْ مُلِئَتْ جَوْفُكَ رُعْبًا، فَقَالَ عُتْبَةُ: إِيَّايَ تَعْنِي يَا مُصَفِّرَ اسْتِهِ [ (٦) ] سَتَعْلَمُ الْيَوْمَ أَيُّنَا أَجْبَنُ، فَبَرَزَ عُتْبَةُ، وَأَخُوهُ، وَابْنُهُ الْوَلِيدُ حَمِيَّةً فَقَالَ مَنْ يُبَارِزُ فَخَرَجَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ شَيْبَةُ فَقَالَ، عُتْبَةُ، لَا نُرِيدُ هَؤُلَاءِ وَلَكِنْ يُبَارِزُنَا مِنْ بَنِي عَمِّنَا مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: قُمْ يَا عَلِيُّ، قُمْ يَا حَمْزَةُ، قُمْ يَا عُبَيْدَةُ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ [ (٧) ] ، فَقَتَلَ اللهُ عُتْبَةَ وَشَيْبَةَ ابْنَيْ رَبِيعَةَ وَالْوَلِيدَ بْنَ عُتْبَةَ وَجُرِحَ عبيدة بن[ (٥) ] (أعضضته) : أي قلت له: «أعضض بأير أبيك» .[ (٦) ] (يا مصفر استه) . في النهاية: رماه بالأبنة، وأنه كان يزعفر استه! وقيل: هي كلمة تقال للمتنعم المترف الذي لم تحنكه التجارب.[ (٧) ] عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، أسن مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّه عليه وسلم بعشر سنين، أسلم قديما، جرح يوم بدر، ثم مات، وله ترجمة في ابن سعد (٣: ١: ٣٤- ٣٥) ، والإصابة (٤:٢٠٩) .

Volume: 3 (Page:64)

English:

Translation of Classical Arabic Text

Al-Harith said: "We killed seventy of them and captured seventy. Then a man from the Ansar came leading a horse with a Hashimite tied to it. The man said, 'O Messenger of Allah, by Allah, this man did not capture me. I was captured by someone with a more deformed face riding a gray horse whose like I have never seen among people.' The Ansari said, 'I am the one who captured him, O Messenger of Allah.' The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, 'Be quiet, may Allah have strengthened you with an honorable angel.'"

Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "We captured Abbas, Akil, and Nawfal ibn al-Harith from Bani Abd al-Muttalib."

Narrated by Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz: "We were informed by Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub who narrated from Ahmad ibn Abd al-Jabbar who narrated from Yunus who narrated from Ibn Ishaq who narrated from my father, Ishaq ibn Yasar, who heard from elders of the Ansar. They said: 'Quraysh sent Umayr ibn Wahb on the day of Badr. 'Capture for us some of the companions of Muhammad,' they requested. He circled around their army on a horse and returned to them saying, 'Around three hundred, give or take a few. Wait here while I look into the valley to see if there is any reinforcement or an ambush.' He descended into the valley and looked intently but found nothing. He returned and said, 'I did not see anything, but O people of Quraysh, I saw calamities approaching. The man who was more deformed.'"

NOTE: The text contains various narrations and reports supported by references from classical Arabic sources.

Arabic:

الْحَارِثِ فَقَتَلْنَا مِنْهُمْ سَبْعِينَ وَأَسَرْنَا سَبْعِينَ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَصِيرٌ بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ أَسِيرًا، فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ هَذَا وَاللهِ مَا أَسَرَنِي لَقَدْ أَسَرَنِي رَجُلٌ أَجْلَحُ [ (٨) ] مِنْ أَحْسَنِ النَّاسِ وَجْهًا عَلَى فَرَسٍ أَبْلَقَ مَا أَرَاهُ فِي الْقَوْمِ فَقَالَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ: أَنَا أَسَرْتُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اسْكُتْ فَقَدَ أَيَّدَكَ اللهُ [عَزَّ وَجَلَّ] [ (٩) ] بِمَلَكٍ كَرِيمٍ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ. فَأُسِرْنَا مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ الْعَبَّاسُ [ (١٠) ] وَعَقِيلٌ وَنَوْفَلُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ» [ (١١) ] .أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي وَالِدِي: إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ أَشْيَاخٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ، قَالُوا:«بَعَثَتْ قُرَيْشٌ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ: عُمَيْرَ بْنَ وَهْبٍ فقالوا احرز لَنَا أَصْحَابَ مُحَمَّدٍ، فَاسْتَجَالَ حَوْلَ الْعَسْكَرِ عَلَى فَرَسٍ لَهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ، فَقَالَ: ثَلَاثُمِائَةٍ وَخَمْسُونَ [ (١٢) ] يَزِيدُونَ قَلِيلًا أَوْ يَنْقُصُونَ قَلِيلًا ولكن انْظُرُونِي حَتَّى أَنْظُرَ فِي الْوَادِي حَتَّى أَرَى [هل] [ (١٣) ] لهم مددا أو كمينا، فَضَرَبَ فِي الْوَادِي حَتَّى أَمْعَنَ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ، فَقَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ شَيْئًا. وَلَكِنْ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ قَدْ رَأَيْتُ الْبَلَايَا [ (١٤) ] تَحْمِلُ[ (٨) ] (الرجل الأجلح) : الذي انحسر الشعر عن جانبي رأسه.[ (٩) ] الزيادة من (ص) .[ (١٠) ] في الأصول: «رجل» ، وأثبت ما في المسند.[ (١١) ] الحديث أخرجه بطوله الإمام أحمد في «مسنده» (١: ١١٧) ، وذكره الهيثمي في الزوائد (٦: ٧٥) ، وقال: «رواه أحمد والبزار، ورجال أحمد رجال الصحيح غير حارثة بن مضرب، وهو ثقة» ، ونقله الحافظ بن كثير في البداية والنهاية (٣: ٢٧٧- ٢٧٨) ، وروى أبو داود بعضه من حديث إسرائيل في كتاب الجهاد، (باب) في المبارزة.[ (١٢) ] في السيرة: ثلاثمائة رجل» .[ (١٣) ] ليست في (ص) .[ (١٤) ] (البلايا) جمع بلية، وهي الناقة، والدابة تربط على قبر الميت فلا تعلف ولا تسقى حتى تموت، وكان بعض العرب ممن يقر بالبعث يقول: إن صاحبها يحشر عليها.

Volume: 3 (Page:65)

English:

The Clear Watering Places [15] That Carry the Cold Death [16]

I have seen people who had no retreat behind them, and their protection was nothing but their swords. By Allah, I do not see it permissible to kill a man when he kills someone like him. So, if they keep killing in such large numbers, what good is there in living after them? Consider your stance, O Quraish! Ibn Ishaq mentioned in the chain of narration for the story of Badr, which we have already mentioned: When Hakim ibn Hizam heard this, he walked among the people until he met Utbah ibn Rabia and said, “O Abu al-Walid, you are great among the Quraish and their leader, is it not better for you to not stay [18] with them until the end of time?” Utbah replied, “What do you mean?” Hakim said, “You would return back with people and carry the blood of your ally Amr ibn al-Hadhrami.” Utbah said, “I have already done that; I came to Ibn al-Hanzaliya intending Abu Jahl ibn Hisham.” Utbah then stood up to address the gathering and said, “O people of Quraish, By Allah, you will not achieve anything by meeting Muhammad and his companions after Allah has saved your honor and wealth. You have no reason to engage in actions against him. You only went out to protect your honor and wealth, so return with your troops and forsake me. By Allah, if you attack Muhammad and his companions, there will always be a man who despises another man to the extent that he killed his cousin, his nephew, or a man from his tribe. Therefore, return and keep away Muhammad from the rest of the Arabs. If you reach him, that is what you sought, but if not, it spared you what you did not desire.” Hakim continued, “So, I left until I reached Abu Jahl and said, ‘O Abu al-Hakam, Utbah ibn Rabia has sent me to you with such and such.’ Abu Jahl replied, ‘He is in a rage, for he saw Muhammad and his companions. By Allah, we will not retreat until Allah judges between us and Muhammad.’”

Arabic:

الْمَنَايَا، نَوَاضِحُ [ (١٥) ] تَحْمِلُ الْمَوْتَ النَّاقِعَ [ (١٦) ] قَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَقْوَامًا مَا وَرَاءَهُمْ مَرْجِعٌ، وَمَا عِصْمَتُهُمْ إِلَّا سُيوفَهُمْ، وَلَا وَاللهِ مَا أَرَى أَنْ يقتل رجل متى يَقْتُلَ مِثْلَهُ، فَإِذَا قَتَلُوا مِثْلَ أَعْدَادِهِمْ فَمَا خَيْرٌ فِي الْعَيْشِ بَعْدَهُ، فَرَوْا رَأْيَكُمْ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ [ (١٧) ] .قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ فِي الْإِسْنَادِ الَّذِي ذَكَرَ لِقِصَةِ بَدْرٍ وَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَاهُ فِيمَا تَقَدَّمَ:فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ ذَلِكَ مَشَى فِي النَّاسِ فَلَقِيَ عُتْبَةَ بْنَ رَبِيعَةَ قَالَ يَا أَبَا الْوَلِيدِ إِنَّكَ كَبِيرُ قُرَيْشٍ وَسَيِّدُهَا وَالْمُطَاعُ فِيهَا فَهَلْ لَكَ إِلَى أَنْ لَا تَزَالَ [ (١٨) ] مِنْهَا بِخَيْرٍ إِلَى آخِرِ الدَّهْرِ؟ فَقَالَ وَمَا ذَاكَ قَالَ تَرْجِعُ بِالنَّاسِ وَتَحَمَّلُ دَمَ حَلِيفِكَ عمرو ابن الْحَضْرَمِيِّ فَقَالَ عُتْبَةُ: قَدْ فَعَلْتُ فَائْتِ ابْنَ الْحَنْظَلِيَّةِ يَعْنِي أَبَا جَهْلِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ، ثُمَّ قَامَ عُتْبَةُ خَطِيبًا فَقَالَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ إِنَّكُمْ وَاللهِ مَا تَصْنَعُونَ بِأَنْ تَلْقَوْا مُحَمَّدًا وأصحابه شيئا وقد نجّا الله عِيرَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ فَلَا حَاجَةَ لَكُمْ فِي أَنْ تَسِيرُوا فيَ غَيْرِ صَنِيعَةٍ وَإِنَّمَا خَرَجْتُمْ لِتَمْنَعُوا عِيرَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ فَاجْعَلُوا بِي جُبْنَهَا وَارْجِعُوا. وَاللهِ لَئِنْ أَصَبْتُمْ مُحَمَّدًا وَأَصْحَابَهُ لَا يَزَالُ رَجُلٌ يَنْظُرُ فِي وَجْهِ رَجُلٍ يَكْرَهُ النَّظَرَ إِلَيْهِ قَتَلَ ابْنَ عَمِّهِ أَوِ ابْنَ خَالِهِ أَوْ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي عَشِيرَتِهِ، فَارْجِعُوا وَخَلُّوا بَيْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَبَيْنَ سَائِرِ الْعَرَبِ، فَإِنْ أَصَابُوهُ فَذَاكَ الَّذِي أَرَدْتُمْ، وَإِنْ كَانَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ أَلْفَاكُمْ وَلَمْ تَعْرِضُوا مِنْهُ لِمَا لَا تُرِيدُونَ.قَالَ حَكِيمٌ: فَانْطَلَقْتُ حَتَّى جِئْتُ أَبَا جَهْلٍ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا الْحَكَمِ إِنَّ عُتْبَةَ بْنَ رَبِيعَةَ أَرْسَلَنِي إِلَيْكَ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا لِلَّذِي قَالَ، فَقَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ: انْتَفَخَ وَاللهِ سَحْرُهُ حِينَ رَأَى مُحَمَّدًا وَأَصْحَابَهُ كَلَّا وَاللهِ لَا نَرْجِعُ حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللهُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمَا[ (١٥) ] في السيرة: «نواضح يثرب» ، ونواضح: الإبل التي يسقى عليها الماء.[ (١٦) ] الناقع: الثابت.[ (١٧) ] سيرة ابن هشام (٢: ٢٦١- ٢٦٢) .[ (١٨) ] في (ص) كتبت: «ألّا» .

Volume: 3 (Page:66)

English:

Translation of Classical Arabic Text

Passage

At the threshold of what he said, but he saw that Muhammad and his companions were surrounded by danger, among them his son, and he feared for them. Then he sent to 'Amir ibn al-Hadrami, saying: "Your ally wants to bring the people back, and you have seen your revenge with your own eyes, so get up and shield your people and avenge your brother." 'Amir then uncovered and shouted, and the war intensified. The situation of the people changed, and he surpassed what they were in terms of evil. He corrupted the people's minds with the views that 'Utba ibn Rabia called them to. When 'Utba heard that from Abi Jahl's words, his arrogance inflated. He said, "The illuminator will know who among us is the coward, the corrupter for his people - me or him." 'Utba then searched for an egg to place it on his head, but no egg large enough was found in the army to fit it over his skull. He felt ashamed when he realized this with coolness hitting his head, and a group of Quraysh approached until they reached the Prophet's basin, which had Hakim ibn Hizam in it. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, "Let them be," and no man who drank from it that day survived, except Hakim ibn Hizam, who remained unharmed. He later embraced Islam and his faith improved. When he swore an oath, he would say, "By the One who saved me on the day of Badr." Asad ibn Abd al-Asad, upon seeing the basin, vowed to either destroy it or be killed before that. He was a fierce and ill-natured man. He went out to demolish it, and Hamzah ibn Abd al-Muttalib went after him, striking him with such force that he split his leg halfway. They were near the basin. As Asad fell on his back, his leg streamed blood towards his companions. Then he returned to the basin until

Arabic:

بِعُتْبَةَ مَا قَالَ وَلَكِنَّهُ قَدْ رَأَى أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا وَأَصْحَابَهُ أُكْلَةُ جَزُورٍ وَفِيهِمُ ابْنُهُ وَقَدْ تَخَوَّفَكُمْ عَلَيْهِ [ (١٩) ] .ثُمَّ بَعَثَ إِلَى عَامِرِ بْنِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ، فَقَالَ: هَذَا حَلِيُفُكَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ بِالنَّاسِ وَقَدْ رَأَيْتَ ثَأْرَكَ بِعَيْنِكَ فَقُمْ فَأَنْشِدْ خُفْرَتَكَ [ (٢٠) ] وَمَقْتَلَ أَخِيكَ فَقَامَ عَامِرٌ فاكتشف ثم صرخ وا عمرواه وا عمرواه فَحَمِيَتِ الْحَرْبُ وَحَقِبَ أَمْرُ النَّاسِ وَاسْتَوْسَقَ عَلَى مَا هُمْ فِيهِ مِنَ الشَّرِّ وَأَفْسَدَ عَلَى النَّاسِ الرَّأْيَ الَّذِي دَعَاهُمْ إِلَيْهِ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ عُتْبَةَ مِنْ قَوْلِ أَبِي جَهْلٍ، انْتَفَخَ سَحْرُهُ قَالَ سَيعْلَمُ مُصَفِّرُ اسْتِهِ أَيُّنَا الْجَبَانُ الْمُفْسِدُ لِقَوْمِهِ: أَنَا، أَمْ هُوَ، ثُمَّ الْتَمَسَ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ بَيْضَةً لِيُدْخِلَهَا رَأْسَهُ فَمَا وُجِدَتْ فِي الْجَيْشِ بَيْضَةٌ تَسَعُهُ مِنْ عِظَمِ هَامَتِهِ فَاعْتَجَرَ حِينَ رَأَى ذَلِكَ بِبُرْدٍ لَهُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِوَأَقْبَلَ نَفَرٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ حَتَّى وَرَدُوا حَوْضَ رَسُولِ الله صلى اللَّه عليه وَسَلَّمَ فِيهِمْ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَعُوهُمْ فَمَا شَرِبَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ إِلَّا قُتِلَ، إِلَّا حَكِيمَ بْنَ حِزَامٍ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يُقْتَلْ، وَأَسْلَمَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَحَسُنَ إِسْلَامُهُ،فَكَانَ إِذَا اجْتَهَدَ يَمِينَهُ قَالَ وَالَّذِي نَجَّانِي يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ [ (٢١) ] .قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى الْأَسْودُ بن عبد الأسد الْحَوْضَ قَالَ وَاللهِ لَأَنْطَلِقَنَّ فَلَأَهْدِمَنَّهُ أَوْ لَأُقْتَلَنَّ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ، وَكَانَ رَجُلًا شَرِسًا سيء الْخُلُقِ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ لِيَهْدِمَهُ، وَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَضَرَبَهُ فَأَطَنَّ [ (٢٢) ] قَدَمَهُ بِنِصْفِ سَاقِهِ وَهُمَا دُونَ الْحَوْضِ فَوَقَعَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ تَشْخُبُ [ (٢٣) ] رِجْلُهُ دَمًا نَحْوَ أَصْحَابِهِ، ثُمَّ حَبَا إِلَى الْحَوْضِ حتى[ (١٩) ] سيرة ابن هشام (٢: ٢٦٢- ٢٦٣) .[ (٢٠) ] (خفرتك) : «عهدك» .[ (٢١) ] سيرة ابن هشام (٢: ٢٦٣- ٢٦٤) .[ (٢٢) ] (أطنّ قدمه) : أطارها.[ (٢٣) ] تشخب: تسيل بصوت.

Volume: 3 (Page:67)

English:

The Battle of Badr: An Eye-Witness Account

In the midst of the battle, he entered intending to fight on the right side, and Hamza followed him, striking him until he killed him at the pool, making him the first casualty.

Authenticity of the Account

Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, saying: Abu Al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub narrated to us, who said: Yahya ibn Abi Talib told us, who said: Ishaq ibn Mansur narrated to us, who said: Israel reported to us, from Abu Ishaq, from Abu Ubaydah, from Abdullah ibn Mas'ud, saying: On the Day of Badr, they appeared few in our eyes. I said to a man beside me, "Do you see them as seventy?" He replied, "I see them as a hundred." We captured a man from among them, and I asked, "How many were you?" He said, "A thousand."

Source: Ibn Hisham's Biography (2:264-265)

Arabic:

اقْتَحَمَ فِيهِ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَبَرَّ يَمِينَهُ وَاتَّبَعَهُ حَمْزَةُ يَضْرِبُهُ حَتَّى قَتَلَهُ فِي الْحَوْضِ، فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ قَتِيلٍ» [ (٢٤) ] .أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ: «لَقَدْ قُلِّلُوا فِي أَعْيُنِنَا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ حَتَّى قُلْتُ لِرَجُلٍ إِلَى جَنْبِي أَتَرَاهُمْ سَبْعِينَ، قَالَ: أَرَاهُمْ مِائَةً، قَالَ: فَأَسَرْنَا رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ، فَقُلْتُ كَمْ كُنْتُمْ؟ قَالَ: أَلْفًا» .[ (٢٤) ] سيرة ابن هشام (٢: ٢٦٤- ٢٦٥) .

Vols: Intro, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Chapters