Book: Dalail an-Nubuwwah by Bayhaqi

باب دعوة عمرو بن سعدى اليهودي إلى الإسلام بعد إجلاء بني النضير واعترافه واعتراف من اعترف من اليهود. بوجود صفة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في التوراة

Chapter: The chapter on inviting Amro bin Saadi, the Jew, to Islam after the expulsion of Bani al-Nadir and his admission, and the admission of those Jews who acknowledged, of the characteristic of the Prophet, peace be upon him, in the Torah.

Volume: 3 (Page:361)

English:

Chapter of the Invitation of Amr ibn Sauda the Jew to Islam after the Banishment of Banu al-Nadhir and Their Confessions and the Confessions of Some Jews

The Prophet's characteristics mentioned in the Torah

Source

Narrated by Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Hafiz, who said: We were informed by Abu Abdullah al-Asbahani, who said: We were told by al-Hasan ibn al-Jahm, who said: We were informed by al-Husayn ibn al-Faraj, who said: We were told by Muhammad ibn Umar, who said: We were informed by Ibrahim ibn Ja'far, on the authority of his father, who said: When Banu al-Nadhir were expelled from Medina, Amr ibn Sauda went to their dwellings, saw the ruins, thought for a while, then returned to Banu Qurayzah and found them in the synagogue. He blew into their trumpets and they gathered. Al-Zubayr ibn Bata said: "O Abu Sa'id, where have you been since we last saw you?" He used not to leave the synagogue and was exploring Judaism. He replied: "Today I saw signs that we have been guided by. I saw our brothers' dwellings empty after all that glory, nobility, honor, and intelligence. They left their wealth to others, their possessions were taken over, and they left in humiliation. By the Torah, no people have been subjected to such humiliation by God. He had earlier inflicted it upon the son of Sharaf, their esteemed leader, then he slept securely in his home. God also inflicted it upon Ibn Sunayna, their chief."

Arabic:

بَابُ دَعْوَةِ عَمْرِو بْنِ سُعْدَى الْيَهُودِيِّ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ بَعْدَ إِجْلَاءِ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ وَاعْتِرَافِهِ وَاعْتِرَافِ مَنِ اعْتَرَفَ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ. بِوُجُودِ صِفَةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِأَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْجَهْمِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْفَرَجِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، [الْوَاقِدِيُّ] ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا [ (١) ] إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا خَرَجَتْ بَنُو النَّضِيرِ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ أَقْبَلَ عَمْرُو بْنُ سُعْدَى فَأَطَافَ بِمَنَازِلِهِمْ، فَرَأَى خَرَابَهَا، وَفَكَرَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ فَوَجَدَهُمْ فِي الْكَنِيسَةِ فَنَفَخَ [ (٢) ] فِي بُوقِهِمْ فَاجْتَمَعُوا فَقَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ بَاطَا: يَا أَبَا سَعِيدٍ! أَيْنَ كُنْتَ مُنْذُ الْيَوْمِ لَمْ نَرَكَ؟وَكَانَ لَا يُفَارِقُ الْكَنِيسَةَ وَكَانَ يَتَأَلَّهُ فِي الْيَهُودِيَّةِ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ الْيَوْمَ عِبَرًا قَدْ عُبِّرْنَا بِهَا [ (٣) ] ، رَأَيْتُ [مَنَازِلَ] [ (٤) ] إِخْوَانِنَا خَالِيَةً بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الْعِزِّ وَالْجَلَدِ وَالشَّرَفِ الْفَاضِلِ، وَالْعَقْلِ الْبَارِعِ: قَدْ تَرَكُوا أَمْوَالَهُمْ، وَمَلَكَهَا غَيْرُهُمْ، وَخَرَجُوا خُرُوجَ ذُلٍّ، وَلَا وَالتَّوْرَاةِ مَا سُلِّطَ هَذَا عَلَى قَوْمٍ قَطُّ لِلَّهِ بِهِمْ حَاجَةٌ وَقَدْ أَوْقَعَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ بِابْنِ الْأَشْرَفِ ذِي عِزِّهِمْ ثُمَّ بَيَّتَهُ فِي بَيْتِهِ آمِنًا، وَأَوْقَعَ بِابْنِ سُنَيْنَةَ سَيِّدِهِمْ، وَأَوْقَعَ. بِبَنِي قينقاع[ (١) ] في (ح) : «حدثني» .[ (٢) ] في (أ) : «فينفخ» .[ (٣) ] في (أ) : «غيرا قد غيرنا بها» ، «وعبّرنا بها» يعني: اشتدّ علينا أمرها.[ (٤) ] الزيادة من البداية والنهاية.

Volume: 3 (Page:362)

English:

Expulsion of the Jewish Clan of Banu Nadir from Yathrib

Instructing Yathrib Dwellers to Follow Prophet Muhammad (SAW)

After expelling them, the Jews of the Banu Nadir clan, who were known for their weaponry and assistance, were besieged by the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). He did not allow any of them to leave until he captured them. The Prophet then communicated to them that they would be expelled from Yathrib. He said, "O people! You have seen what you have seen, so obey me. Come and follow Muhammad, for by Allah, you know that he is a prophet who has been foretold to us. These two men, Ibn Al-Hayyiban and Abu Umair, the most knowledgeable Jews, came from Jerusalem and advised us to follow Muhammad. They instructed us to greet him with peace. Upon their death, we buried them in our cemetery."

Response of the People

The people fell silent and no one spoke. The Prophet repeated his words, warning them of war, captivity, and expulsion. Zubayr ibn Bata responded, "I have read his description in the Torah written by Bata, which was revealed to Moses. It does not match the characteristics of the false prophets we discussed." Ka‘b ibn Asad asked him why he did not follow the Prophet, to which Zubayr replied that the Torah did not guide him to follow. Zubayr reaffirmed his loyalty while others hesitated. 'Amr ibn Su‘d then challenged Ka‘b referring to the Torah’s description of the Prophet as the chosen one destined to lead his followers to victory and paradise.

Conclusion

With Ka‘b acknowledging the Torah's prophecies regarding the Prophet, Zubayr emphasized the importance of keeping the covenant with the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). ‘Amr ibn Su‘d questioned the delay in joining the Prophet, to which Ka‘b responded that nothing surpasses the importance of this matter until the time they choose.

Arabic:

فَأَجْلَاهُمْ وَهُمْ [أَهْلُ] جَدِّ يَهُودَ، كَانُوا أَهْلَ عِدَّةٍ وَسِلَاحٍ وَنَجْدَةٍ، فَحَصَرَهُمْ فَلَمْ يُخْرِجْ إِنْسَانٌ مِنْهُمْ رَأْسَهُ حَتَّى سَبَاهُمْ فَكُلِّمَ فِيهِمْ فَتَرَكَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ أَجْلَاهُمْ مِنْ يَثْرِبَ، يَا قَوْمُ! قَدْ رَأَيْتُمْ مَا رَأَيْتُ فَأَطِيعُونِي، وَتَعَالَوْا نَتَّبِعْ مُحَمَّدًا فو الله إِنَّكُمْ لَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ نَبِيُّ وَقَدْ بَشَّرَنَا بِهِ، وَبِأَمْرِهِمْ: ابْنُ الْهَيِّبَانِ أَبُو عُمَيْرٍ، وَابْنُ حِرَاشٍ وَهُمَا أَعْلَمُ يَهُودَ جَاءَا مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ يَتَوَكَّفَانِ قدومه وأمرنا بِاتِّبَاعِهِ، وَأَمَرَانَا أَنْ نُقْرِئَهُ مِنْهُمَا السَّلَامَ، ثُمَّ مَاتَا عَلَى دينهما ودفنّا هما بِحَرَّتِنَا هَذِهِ.فَأُسْكِتَ الْقَوْمُ فَلَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ مِنْهُمْ مُتَكَلِّمٌ، فَأَعَادَ هَذَا الْكَلَامَ وَخَوَّفَهُمْ [ (٥) ] بِالْحَرْبِ وَالسِّبَاءِ وَالْجَلَاءِ، فَقَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ بَاطَا: قَدْ وَالتَّوْرَاةِ قَرَأْتُ صِفَتَهُ فِي كِتَابِ بَاطَا التَّوْرَاةِ الَّتِي أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَى مُوسَى، لَيْسَ فِي الْمَثَانِي الَّذِي أَحْدَثْنَا، قَالَ:فَقَالَ لَهُ كَعْبُ بْنُ أَسَدٍ: مَا يَمْنَعُكَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مِنِ اتِّبَاعِهِ، قَالَ: أَنْتَ، قَالَ: كَعْبٌ: وَلِمَ وَالتَّوْرَاةِ مَا حُلْتُ بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُ قَطُّ. قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ: أَنْتَ صَاحِبُ عَهْدِنَا وَعَقْدِنَا، فَإِنِ اتَّبَعْتَهُ اتَّبَعْنَاهُ، وَإِنْ أَبَيْتَ أَبَيْنَا، فَأَقْبَلَ عَمْرُو بْنُ سُعْدَى عَلَى كَعْبٍ فَذَكَرَ مَا تَقَاوَلَا فِي ذَلِكَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ كَعْبٌ: مَا عِنْدِي فِي أَمْرِهِ إِلَّا مَا قُلْتَ مَا تَطِيبُ نَفْسِي أَنْ أَصِيرَ تابعا [ (٦) ] .[ (٥) ] (ص) و (أ) : «تخوّفهم» .[ (٦) ] الواقدي (٤٠٣- ٥٠٤) باختلاف يسير، وعن المصنف نقله الحافظ ابن كثير في «البداية والنهاية» (٤: ٨٠- ٨١) ، وقال: «رواه البيهقي» ، وقد نقله أيضا الصالحي في السيرة الشامية (٤: ٤٦٣- ٤٦٥) ، وجاء بعدها ما يلي:فَأَقْبَلَ عَمْرُو بْنُ سُعْدَى على كعب فقال: أما والتوراة الَّتِي أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَى مُوسَى يوم طور سينا إنه للعزّ والشّرف في الدنيا، وإنه لعلى منهاج موسى، وينزل معه وأمته غدا في الجنة. قال كعب:نقيم على عهدنا وعقدنا فلا يخفر لنا محمد ذمّة، وننظر ما يصنع حييّ، فقد أخرج إخراج ذلّ وصغار، فلا أراه يقرّ حتى يغزو محمدا، فإن ظفر بمحمد فهو ما أردنا، وأقمنا على ديننا وإن ظفر بحيى فَمَا فِي الْعَيْشِ خَيْرٌ، وتحوّلنا من جواره.قال عمرو بن سعدى: ولم نؤخّر الأمر وهو مقبل؟ قال كعب: ما على هذا فوق، متى أردت

Volume: 3 (Page:363)

English:

The Discovery of the Prophet Muhammad by the Israelites

Amr recounted, “When the messenger of Allah, Muhammad, approached us, we decided to hide in our fortresses that had deceived us. We resolved not to leave our fortresses until we were certain of his judgment, fearing that he might take action against us.

Ka’b ibn Asad declared, "I have nothing to offer in this matter except what I have said. It does not please me to follow the advice of this Israelite, who does not recognize the virtues of prophethood or the consequences of actions.

Amr ibn Sad went on, ‘I swear by my religion that they will soon realize this truth.’ As they deliberated, they were disturbed by the presence of the Prophet, peace be upon him, who had arrived at their gates. He said, 'This is what I told you.’ It was revealed that they had broken the covenant with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and fought against him in the Battle of the Trench. Subhanallah, Allah revealed the victorious Surah Al-Hashr concerning them.

Arabic:

[ () ] هذا من محمد أجابني إليه. قال عمرو، والتوراة، إن عليه لغوثا، إذا سار إلينا محمد فتخبأنا في حصوننا هذه التي قد خدعتنا، فلا نفارق حصوننا حتى ننزل على حكمه، فيضرب أعناقنا. قال كعب بن أسد: ما عندي في أمره إلا ما قلت، ما تطيب نفسي أن أصير تابعا لقول هذا الإسرائيليّ، ولا يعرف فضل النّبوّة ولا قدر الفعال. قال عمرو بن سعدى: بل لعمري ليعرفنّ ذلك.فبينما هم على ذلك لم يرعهم إلا بمقدّمة النبيّ صلّى اللَّه عليه وسلم قد حلّت بساحتهم، فقال: هذا الذي قلت لك. وذلك أنهم نقضوا عهد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وحاربوه في وقعة الخندق، وأنزل الله سبحانه وتعالى غالب سورة الحشر في شأنهم.

Vols: Intro, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Chapters