Book: Dalail an-Nubuwwah by Bayhaqi

باب غزوة بني قينقاع [١]

Chapter: Chapter on the Invasion of Banu Qaynuqa [1]

Volume: 3 (Page:173)

English:

Chapter of the Battle of Bani Qaynuqa

It has been mentioned by Ibn Ishaq that this battle was among the ones previously recounted. Al-Waqidi claimed that it took place on a Saturday, halfway through the month of Shawwal, in the twentieth month after the Hijra. The siege lasted until the crescent of Dhul-Qa'dah, and Allah knows best.

Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz narrated from Abu Al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, who said it was reported by Ahmad ibn Abdul Jabbar, who said it was narrated by Yunus ibn Bukayr from Ibn Ishaq that Muhammad ibn Abi Muhammad, the freedman of Zaid ibn Thabit, reported from Sa'id ibn Jubayr or Ikrimah, who reported from Ibn Abbas, who said: "When the Messenger of Allah encountered the Quraysh on the day of Badr, he arrived in Medina and gathered the Jews in the market of Qaynuqa. He said, 'O group of Jews, embrace Islam before you face the same fate as the Quraysh.' They replied, 'O Muhammad, do not be deceived by yourself, thinking that you have killed some of the Quraysh who were ignorant of warfare. If you fight us, you will realize that we are the people and that...'

Arabic:

بَابُ غَزْوَةِ بَنِي قَيْنُقَاعَ [ (١) ]قَدْ ذَكَرْنَا عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ [ (٢) ] أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ بَيْنَ مَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنَ الْغَزَوَاتِ، وَزَعَمَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ [ (٣) ] أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ لِلنِّصْفِ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ عَلَى رَأْسِ عِشْرِينَ شَهْرًا مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ. حَاصَرَهُمْ إِلَى هِلَالِ ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ واللَّه أَعْلَمُ.أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّه الْحَافِظُ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ مَوْلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ أَوْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ «لَمَّا أَصَابَ رَسُولُ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عليه وَسَلَّمَ قُرَيْشًا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَقَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ جَمَعَ يَهُودَ فِي سُوقِ قَيْنُقَاعَ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ أَسْلِمُوا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ بِمِثْلِ مَا أَصَابَ قُرَيْشًا. فَقَالُوا يَا مُحَمَّدُ لَا يَغُرَّنَّكَ مِنْ نَفْسِكَ أَنَّكَ قَتَلْتَ نَفَرًا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍكَانُوا أَغْمَارًا لَا يَعْرِفُونَ الْقِتَالَ إِنَّكَ لَوْ قَاتَلْتَنَا لَعَرَفْتَ أَنَّا نَحْنُ النَّاسُ وَأَنَّكَ[ (١) ] في غزوة بني قينقاع انظر: ابن هشام (٢: ٤٢٦) ، وابن سعد (٢: ٢٨) ، والطبري (٢:٤٧٩) ، ومغازي الواقدي (١: ١٧٦) ، وابن حزم (١٥٤) ، وعيون الأثر (٢: ٣٥٢) ، وتاريخ ابن كثير (٤: ٥) ، والنويري (١٧: ٦٧) ، والسيرة الحلبية (٢: ٢٧٢) ، والسيرة الشامية (٤:٢٦٥) .[ (٢) ] في سيرة ابن هشام (٢: ٤٢٦) .[ (٣) ] في مغازي الواقدي (١: ١٧٦) .

Volume: 3 (Page:174)

English:

Key Points and Translation

Verse: "You will not find a similar example like us. Then Allah revealed regarding them: Say to those who disbelieve, 'You will be overcome and gathered together to Hell, and wretched is the resting place.'"

Narration: There was a sign for you in the two groups that met - one group fought in the path of Allah alongside the companions of the Prophet in Badr, while the other group were disbelievers who saw them as their equals. This was a lesson for those with insight.

Historical Event: The Banu Qaynuqa were the first Jews to break the treaty with the Messenger of Allah and fought against him between Badr and Uhud. The Messenger of Allah laid siege to them until they submitted to his judgment. Abdullah ibn Ubayy, one of the leaders of the hypocrites, approached the Messenger of Allah and tried to intercede on their behalf, but the Messenger insisted they would not be spared until they improved in loyalty.

Source: The narration is found in Ibn Ishaq's Sirah, narrated by Ismail ibn Yasar, transmitted from Ubada ibn al-Walid ibn Ubada ibn al-Samit.

Translation

"You will not find a similar example like us. Then Allah revealed regarding them: Say to those who disbelieve, 'You will be overcome and gathered together to Hell, and wretched is the resting place.'"

There was a sign for you in the two groups that met - one group fought in the path of Allah alongside the companions of the Prophet in Badr, while the other group were disbelievers who saw them as their equals. This was a lesson for those with insight.

The Banu Qaynuqa were the first Jews to break the treaty with the Messenger of Allah and fought against him between Badr and Uhud. The Messenger of Allah laid siege to them until they submitted to his judgment. Abdullah ibn Ubayy, one of the leaders of the hypocrites, approached the Messenger of Allah and tried to intercede on their behalf, but the Messenger insisted they would not be spared until they improved in loyalty.

The narration is found in Ibn Ishaq's Sirah, narrated by Ismail ibn Yasar, transmitted from Ubada ibn al-Walid ibn Ubada ibn al-Samit.

Arabic:

لَنْ تَلْقَ مِثْلَنَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّه عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ قُلْ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا سَتُغْلَبُونَ وَتُحْشَرُونَ إِلى جَهَنَّمَ وَبِئْسَ الْمِهادُ. قَدْ كانَ لَكُمْ آيَةٌ فِي فِئَتَيْنِ الْتَقَتا، فِئَةٌ تُقاتِلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أصحاب رسول اللَّه صلى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِبَدْرٍ وَأُخْرى كافِرَةٌ يَرَوْنَهُمْ مِثْلَيْهِمْ رَأْيَ الْعَيْنِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: لَعِبْرَةً لِأُولِي الْأَبْصارِ [ (٤) ] .وَبِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عَاصِمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ «أَنَّ بَنِيَ قَيْنُقَاعَ كَانُوا أَوَّلَ يَهُودَ نَقَضُوا مَا بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّه صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم وَحَارَبُوا مِنْهَا بَيْنَ بَدْرٍ وَأُحُدٍ. فَحَاصَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِهِ فَقَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّه بْنُ أُبَيٍّ ابْنُ سَلُولَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّه صلى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ أَمْكَنَهُ اللَّه تَعَالَى مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَحْسِنْ فِي مَوَالِيَّ- وَكَانُوا حُلَفَاءَ الْخَزْرَجِ- فَأَبْطَأَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَحْسِنْ فِي مَوَالِيَّ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ فَأَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِي جَيْبِ دِرْعِ رَسُولِ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ظِلَالٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّه صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَرْسِلْنِي وغضب حتى رؤي لِوَجْهِ رَسُولِ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ظِلَالٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ وَيْحَكَ أَرْسِلْنِي. فَقَالَ واللَّه لَا أُرْسِلُكَ حَتَّى تُحْسِنَ فِي مَوَالِيَّ أَرْبَعُمِائَةِ حَاسِرٍ وَثَلَاثُمِائَةِ دَارِعٍ مَنْ مَنَعُونِي مِنَ الْأَحْمَرِ وَالْأَسْوَدِ تَحْصُدُهُمْ فِي غَدَاةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ إِي واللَّه إِنِّي لَامْرُؤٌ أَخْشَى الدَّوَائِرَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هُمْ لَكَ» [ (٥) ] .وَعَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ، قَالَ:«لَمَّا حَارَبَتْ بَنُو قَيْنُقَاعَ رَسُولَ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَشَبَّثَ بِأَمْرِهِمْ [ (٦) ] عَبْدُ اللَّه بْنُ أُبَيٍّ وَقَامَ دُونَهُمْ فَمَشَى عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّه صلى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَكَانَ أَحَدَ بَنِي عَوْفِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ لَهُمْ مِنْ حِلْفِهِمْ مِثْلُ الَّذِي لَهُمْ مِنْ حِلْفِ عَبْدِ اللَّه بن أبي، فخلعهم إلى[ (٤) ] الآيتان الكريمتان (١٢- ١٣) من سورة آل عمران، ووقع في (ص) : لأولي الألباب، وهو من الناسخ، الخبر رواه ابن هشام في السيرة (٢: ٤٢٦) .[ (٥) ] الخبر في سيرة ابن هشام (٢: ٤٢٧- ٤٢٨) .[ (٦) ] تشبث بأمرهم: تمسك به.

Volume: 3 (Page:175)

English:

Translation of the Classical Arabic Text

Rasulullah (peace be upon him) disavowed himself from their oaths, saying:

O Messenger of Allah, should I disavow myself from Allah and His Messenger from their oaths, turning to Allah, His Messenger, and the believers? And should I disavow myself from the disbelievers, their loyalties, and their alliances? Regarding Abdullah bin Ubayy, the verses in Surah Al-Maidah were revealed, saying, "O you who have believed, do not take the Jews and Christians as allies. They are allies of one another. And whoever is an ally to them among you - then indeed, he is of them." Up to the point where it is said, "You see those in whose hearts is disease hastening into association with them, saying, 'We are afraid a misfortune may strike us.' Meaning Abdullah bin Ubayy said, 'I am afraid of the consequences.' Until the statement: "Your ally is none but Allah and His Messenger and those who have believed." For the statement of ‘I have turned to Allah and His Messenger and the believers’ and declared innocence from the Banu Qaynuqa, their loyalties, and their alliances, to the statement: And whoever allies himself with Allah, His Messenger, and the believers - indeed, the party of Allah are the predominant." (Quran 5:51-56)

Note: The verses are from Surah Al-Maidah, and the hadith is mentioned in the Biography by Ibn Hisham (2:428-429).

Arabic:

رسول اللَّه صلى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَتَبَرَّأَ إِلَى اللَّه وَإِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّه صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم مِنْ حِلْفِهِمْ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّه أَتَبَرَّأُ إِلَى اللَّه وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْ حِلْفِهِمْ، وَأَتَوَلَّى اللَّه وَرَسُولَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَأَبْرَأُ مِنْ حِلْفِ الْكُفَّارِ وَوِلَايَتِهِمْ، فَفِيهِ وَفِي عَبْدِ اللَّه بْنِ أُبَيٍّ نَزَلَتِ الْآيَاتُ فِي الْمَائِدَةِ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصارى أَوْلِياءَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِياءُ بَعْضٍ وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ- إِلَى قَوْلِهِ- فَتَرَى الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ يعني عبد اللَّه ابن أُبَيٍّ لِقَوْلِهِ إِنِّي أَخْشَى الدَّوَائِرَ يُسارِعُونَ فِيهِمْ يَقُولُونَ نَخْشى أَنْ تُصِيبَنا دائِرَةٌ- حَتَّى بَلَغَ قَوْلَهُ- إِنَّما وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِقَوْلِ عُبَادَةَ أَتَوَلَّى اللَّه وَرَسُولَهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَتَبَرِّيهِ مِنْ بَنِي قَيْنُقَاعَ وَحِلْفِهِمْ وَوِلَايَتِهِمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ:وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَإِنَّ حِزْبَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْغالِبُونَ [ (٧) ] .[ (٧) ] الآيات من (٥١- ٥٦) من سورة المائدة، والخبر رواه ابن هشام في السيرة (٢: ٤٢٨- ٤٢٩) .

Vols: Intro, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

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