Book: Dalail an-Nubuwwah by Bayhaqi

باب ما جاء في تزويج فاطمة بنت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من علي بن أبي طالب رضي الله عنه

Chapter: Chapter on the Report of the Marriage of Fatima, the Daughter of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, to Ali Ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him.

Volume: 3 (Page:160)

English:

Chapter on the Marriage of Fatimah, the Daughter of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), to Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him)

Mohammad ibn Abdullah al-Hafiz informed us that Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Yaqub informed us that Ahmad ibn Abd al-Jabbar informed us that Yunus narrated from Ibn Ishaq who said that Abdullah ibn Abi Najih narrated from Mujahid, who reported that Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Fatimah was proposed to for marriage to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). She said to me: 'O cousin, did you know that Fatimah has been proposed to by the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)?' I said: 'No.' So she said: 'Indeed, she has been proposed to, so what prevents you from going to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) so that he may marry you?' I said: 'Do I have anything to marry her with?' She said: 'If you go to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), may Allah marry you to her. By Allah, she kept urging me until I went to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) possessed dignity and respect. When I sat in front of him, my words failed me. The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked: 'Do you have a need?' I remained silent. He asked again: 'Do you have a need?' I remained silent. He then asked: 'Perhaps you have come to propose to Fatimah?' I said: 'Yes.' He asked: 'Do you have anything to offer her in marriage?' I replied: 'No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah!' The Prophet said: 'Do you have armor?' By Him in Whose hand is the life of Ali, it is indeed valuable armor, its price is four dirhams. 'I have it,' I replied. The Prophet said: 'I have married her to you, so go to her with it and marry her with it. If it is part of Fatimah, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah's dowry.'

(Source: Al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah, 3:346)

Arabic:

بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي تَزْوِيجِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّه صلى اللَّه عليه وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّه عَنْهُأَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّه الْحَافِظُ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّه بن أبي نجيح عن مجاهد عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّه عَنْهُ قَالَ: «خُطِبَتْ فَاطِمَةُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَتْ لِي مَوْلَاةٌ لِي: هَلْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ قَدْ خُطِبَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قُلْتُ لَا. قَالَتْ فَقَدْ خُطِبَتْ فَمَا يَمْنَعُكَ أَنْ تَأْتِيَ رَسُولَ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَيُزَوِّجَكَ فَقُلْتُ وَعِنْدِي شَيْءٌ أَتَزَوَّجُ بِهِ؟ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّكَ إِنْ جِئْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عليه وسلم زوجك فو اللَّه مَا زَالَتْ تُرَجِّينِي حَتَّى دَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وسلم وَكَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَلَالَةٌ وَهَيْبَةٌ فَلَمَّا قَعَدْتُ بَيْنَ يديه أفحمت فو اللَّه مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ أَنْ أَتَكَلَّمَ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا جَاءَ بِكَ أَلَكَ حَاجَةٌ؟ فَسَكَتُّ، فَقَالَ: مَا جَاءَ بِكَ. أَلَكَ حَاجَةٌ؟ فَسَكَتُّ، فَقَالَ: لَعَلَّكَ جِئْتَ تَخْطُبُ فَاطِمَةَ، فَقُلْتُ:نَعَمْ. فَقَالَ وَهَلْ عِنْدَكَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ تَسْتَحِلُّهَا بِهِ؟ فَقُلْتُ: لَا، واللَّه يَا رَسُولَ اللَّه.فَقَالَ: مَا فَعَلَتْ دِرْعٌ سلّحتكها- فو الذي نَفْسُ عَلِيٍّ بِيَدِهِ إِنَّهَا لَحُطَمِيَّةٌ مَا ثَمَنُهَا أَرْبَعَةَ دَرَاهِمَ- فَقُلْتُ عِنْدِي فَقَالَ قَدْ زَوَّجْتُكَهَا فَابْعَثْ إِلَيْهَا بِهَا فَاسْتَحِلَّهَا بِهَا. فَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَصَدَاقُ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عليه وسلم» [ (٣) ] .[ (٣) ] البداية والنهاية (٣: ٣٤٦) .

Volume: 3 (Page:161)

English:

Translation of Classical Islamic Arabic Text

Yunus narrated: I heard Ibn Ishaq saying, "Fatimah gave birth to Hasan, Husayn, and Muhsin for Ali. Muhsin died young, and she bore him Umm Kulthum and Zaynab."

Abu Ali al-Rudhbari informed us:Abu Bakr ibn Dasah informed us that Abu Dawud informed us that Ishaq ibn Isma'il al-Talqani informed us that Abdah informed us that Sa'id reported from Ayyub from Ikrimah from Ibn Abbas, saying, "When Ali married Fatimah, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, told him to give her something. Ali said, 'I have nothing.' The Prophet asked, 'Where is your Hutmite armor?'"

Abu Tahir al-Faqih informed us: Abu Uthman al-Basri informed us that Abu Ahmad Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab informed us that Mu'awiya ibn Amr informed us that Zaidah informed us that Ataa ibn al-Saa'ib reported from his father from Ali, who said, "The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, provided Fatimah with a Khameel, Qirbah, and a cushion filled with Izhkir."

Narrated by Ibn Saad in al-Tabaqat (8:20): Ikrimah said that when Ali asked for Fatimah's hand in marriage, the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, "Do you believe her?" Ali replied, "I have no wealth to believe her." The Prophet asked, "Where is your Hutmite armor that was given to you?" Ali said, "I have it." The Prophet said, "Believe her with it." Ali complied, married Fatimah, and the dowry was four dirhams according to Ikrimah.

In another narration by Ikrimah, it is mentioned that the dowry for Ali and Fatimah was the value of four dirhams, and that Ali married Fatimah on a body made of iron.

According to Ikrimah, when Ali married Fatimah and wanted to build a house for her, the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, "Provide something." Ali replied, "I can't find anything." The Prophet asked, "Where is your Hutmite armor?"

Annotations: Khameel: A type of cloth, Qirbah: A type of cushion, Izhkir: A type of fragrant herb.

Arabic:

قَالَ يُونُسُ: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ إِسْحَاقَ، يَقُولُ: «فَوَلَدَتْ فَاطِمَةُ لِعَلِيٍّ حَسَنًا وَحُسَيْنًا وَمُحَسَّنًا فَذَهَبَ مُحَسَّنٌ صَغِيرًا وَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ أُمَّ كُلْثُومٍ وَزَيْنَبَ» .أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الطَّالْقَانِيُّ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدَةُ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا سَعِيدٌ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: «لَمَّا تَزَوَّجَ عَلِيٌّ فَاطِمَةَ قَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْطِهَا شَيْئًا. قَالَ: مَا عِنْدِي شَيْءٌ، قَالَ: أَيْنَ دِرْعُكَ الْحُطَمِيَّةُ» [ (٤) ] .أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عُثْمَانَ الْبَصْرِيُّ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا زَائِدَةُ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا عَطَاءُ بْنُ السَّائِبِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، قَالَ: «جَهَّزَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاطِمَةَ فِي خَمِيلٍ [ (٥) ] ، وَقِرْبَةٍ، وَوِسَادَةِ أَدَمٍ [ (٦) ] حشوها إذخر» [ (٧) ] .[ (٤) ] أبو داود في كتاب النكاح، باب في الرجل يدخل بامرأته قبل ان ينقدها شيئا.وأخرج ابن سعد في الطبقات (٨: ٢٠) عن عكرمة أن عليا خطب فاطمة فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «مَا تصدقها» ؟ قال: ما عندي ما أصدقها. قال:«فأين درعك الحطمية التي كنت منحتك» ؟ قال: عندي. قال «أصدقها إياها» . قال: فأصدقها وتزوجها.قال عكرمة: كان ثمنها أربعة دراهم.وعن عكرمة قال: أمهر عليّ فاطمة بدنا قيمته أربعة دراهم.وعن عكرمة قال: تزوجت فاطمة على بدن من حديد.وعن عكرمة أنّ عليا لما تزوج فاطمة فأراد أن يبني بها، قَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «قَدِمَ شيئا» قال: ما أجد شيئا. قال «فأين درعك الحطمية» ؟.[ (٥) ] الخميل: القطيفة.[ (٦) ] الأدم: الجلد.[ (٧) ] الإذخر: حشيشة رطبة طيبة الرائحة، والحديث أخرجه الإمام أحمد في مسنده (١: ١٤) ، واسناده صحيح.

Volume: 3 (Page:162)

English:

Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ishaq on the Marriage of Ali and Fatimah

Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Mandah al-Asbahan - may Allah have mercy on him - mentioned in his book Al-Ma'rifah that "Ali married Fatimah in Al-Madinah a year after the Hijrah. After that, they had children, including Hassan, Hussain, Muhsin, Umm Kulthum al-Kubra, and Zaynab al-Kubra."

Source: Ibn Kathir in Al-Tareekh (3:347)

Arabic:

وَذَكَرَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّه مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ مَنْدَهِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ- رَحِمَهُ اللَّه- فِي كِتَابِ الْمَعْرِفَةِ «أَنَّ عَلِيًّا تَزَوَّجَ فَاطِمَةَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ بَعْدَ سَنَةٍ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَابْتَنَى بِهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِنَحْوٍ مِنْ سَنَةٍ وَوَلَدَتْ لِعَلِيٍّ الْحَسَنَ وَالْحُسَيْنَ وَمُحَسَّنًا وَأُمَّ كُلْثُومٍ الْكُبْرَى وَزَيْنَبَ الكبرى» [ (٨) ] .[ (٨) ] نقله ابن كثير في التاريخ (٣: ٣٤٧) .

Vols: Intro, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

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