Book: Dalail an-Nubuwwah by Bayhaqi

باب ما جاء في قصة العبد الأسود [١] الذي أسلم يوم خيبر على باب خيبر وقتل وشهادة المصطفى له بالمغفرة، وقصة المهاجر الذي أسلم طلب الشهادة فأدركها بخيبر

Chapter: Chapter: What Came in the Story of the Black Slave [1] Who Converted to Islam on the Day of Khaybar at the Gate of Khaybar and Was Killed, and the Testimony of the Chosen One (Prophet Muhammad) for His Forgiveness, and the Story of the Immigrant Who Converted to Islam Seeking Martyrdom and Attained it in Khaybar.

Volume: 4 (Page:219)

English:

Story of the Black Slave Who Embraced Islam at the Conquest of Khaibar

In this narration, it is mentioned how the Black slave who embraced Islam on the day of the Conquest of Khaibar, was martyred at the battle of Khaibar, and the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) testified to his forgiveness. The account also includes the story of the Emigrant who embraced Islam and sought martyrdom, which he achieved during the events of Khaibar.

Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, saying: Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Abdullah Al-Baghdadi told us, saying: Abu Al-Atha' narrated to us, saying: My father narrated to us, saying: Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to us from Abu Al-Aswad from Urwah.

Moreover, Abu Al-Husayn ibn Al-Fadl Al-Qattan informed us, saying: Abu Bakr ibn Attab narrated to us, saying: Al-Qasim Al-Jawhari narrated to us, saying: Ibn Abi Uwais told us from Isma'il ibn Ibrahim ibn 'Uqbah from his uncle Musa ibn 'Uqbah who relayed the story of the Prophet's departure to Khaibar. He described how the Muslims besieged a fortress of the Jews named Al-Amoos for nearly twenty nights amidst harsh and hot conditions. The Muslims exerted tremendous efforts and found some reddish wild donkeys which the Prophet prohibited from consuming.

[1] This story can be found in more detail in Ibn Hisham's biography (3:293), Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya (4:191), Al-Sirah Al-Halabiyya (3:45), and Al-Sirah Al-Shamiyya (5:201).

[2] The danger is imminent, and the permission is delayed, so one must adhere to it. Refer to the abrogating and abrogated in the Hadith according to Al-Hazimi, from our research, p. 245.

Arabic:

بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي قِصَّةِ الْعَبْدِ الْأَسْوَدِ [ (١) ] الَّذِي أَسْلَمَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ عَلَى بَابِ خَيْبَرَ وَقُتِلَ وَشَهَادَةِ الْمُصْطَفَى لَهُ بِالْمَغْفِرَةِ، وَقِصَّةِ الْمُهَاجِرِ الَّذِي أَسْلَمَ طَلَبَ الشَّهَادَةِ فَأَدْرَكَهَا بِخَيْبَرَأَخْبَرَنَا أبو عبد الله الْحَافِظُ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عُلَاثَةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ.(ح) وأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَتَّابٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ مُوسَى بْنِ عقبة، قال: وَهَذَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ مُوسَى، فَذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ خُرُوجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ دَخَلُوا يَعْنِي الْيَهُودَ حِصْنًا لَهُمْ مَنِيعًا يُقَالُ لَهُ الْعَمُوصُ، فَحَاصَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عليه وسلم قَرِيبًا مِنْ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً، وَكَانَتْ أَرْضًا وَخِمَةً شَدِيدَةَ الْحَرِّ، فَجَهَدَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ جَهْدًا شَدِيدًا فَوَجَدُوا أَحْمِرَةً إِنْسِيَّةً لِيَهُودَ، فَذَكَرَ قِصَّتَهَا وَنَهْيَ النبي صلى الله عليه وسلّم عن أكلها [ (٢) ] ،[ (١) ] تراجع قصته في سيرة ابن هشام (٣: ٢٩٣) ، والبداية والنهاية (٤: ١٩١) ، والسيرة الحلبية (٣:٤٥) ، والسيرة الشامية (٥: ٢٠١) .[ (٢) ] الخطر متقدم، والرخصة متأخرة فتعين المصير إليها، وراجع الناسخ والمنسوخ في الحديث للحازمي، من تحقيقنا ص (٢٤٥) .

Volume: 4 (Page:220)

English:

Islamic Narration: The Conversion of a Black Abyssinian Man

Narration

It was narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) mentioned the Battle of Uhud and discussed giving the banner to a man who would bring victory. A black Abyssinian slave from the people of Khaybar emerged, carrying sheep for his master. Seeing the people of Khaybar preparing for battle, he asked them their purpose, and they replied that they intended to fight the man claiming to be a prophet. The slave remembered the Prophet Muhammad and decided to pledge his allegiance to him. When he met the Prophet, he declared his belief in Islam, stating that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His messenger. The Prophet assured him that Paradise awaited him for his belief and subsequently embraced Islam. The slave then informed the Prophet that he had sheep entrusted to him. The Prophet instructed him to take the sheep out of the army's camp and to throw them with stones, promising that Allah would safeguard his trust. The sheep immediately returned to their owner, verifying the Prophet's words. The Prophet then addressed his companions, praising the newly converted man and expressing the honor bestowed upon him by guiding him to Islam. He mentioned that he saw two of the houris at the man’s head.

Hadith Source

This narration is mentioned by various scholars including Al-Baihaqi, Jabir, Anas, Urwah, and Musa bin Aqabah, as recorded by Ibn Kathir in his historical works and Al-Salhi in Al-Sira Al-Shamiyah.

Arabic:

ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ خُرُوجَ مَرْحَبٍ وَمَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي إِعْطَاءِ الرَّايَةِ رَجُلًا يُفْتَحُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ، قَالَ: وَجَاءَ عَبْدٌ حَبَشِيٌّ أَسْوَدُ مِنْ أَهْلِ خَيْبَرَ كَانَ فِي غَنَمٍ لِسَيِّدِهِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَهْلَ خَيْبَرَ قَدْ أَخَذُوا السِّلَاحَ سَأَلَهُمْ مَا تُرِيدُونَ؟ قَالُوا: نُقَاتِلُ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ، فَوَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِهِ ذِكْرُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عليه وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَقْبَلَ بِغَنَمِهِ حَتَّى عَهِدَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُ قَالَ: مَاذَا تَقُولُ وَمَاذَا تَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ؟ قَالَ: أَدْعُو إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وأَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنِّي مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللهِ وَأَنْ لَا نَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللهَ، قَالَ الْعَبْدُ: فَمَاذَا إِلَيَّ إِنْ أَنَا شَهِدْتُ وَآمَنْتُ بِاللهِ؟ قَالَ: لَكَ الْجَنَّةُ إِنْ مُتَّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، فَأَسْلَمَ.قَالَ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْغَنَمَ عِنْدِي أَمَانَةٌ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عليه وسلم:«أخرجها من عسكرنا وارميها بِالْحَصْبَاءِ فَإِنَّ اللهَ سَيُؤَدِّي عَنْكَ أَمَانَتَكَ» فَفَعَلَ فَرَجَعَتِ الْغَنَمُ إِلَى سَيِّدِهَا فَعَرَفَ الْيَهُودِيُّ أَنَّ غُلَامَهُ قَدْ أَسْلَمَ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عليه وسلم فَوَعَظَ النَّاسَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي إِعْطَاءِ الرَّايَةِ عَلِيًّا وَدُنُوِّهِمْ مِنَ الْحِصْنِ وَقَتْلِ مَرْحَبٍ، قَالَ: وَقُتِلَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْعَبْدُ الْأَسْوَدُ وَرَجَعَتْ عَادِيَةُ الْيَهُودِ وَاحْتَمَلَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ الْعَبْدَ الْأَسْوَدَ إِلَى عَسْكَرِهِمْ فَأُدْخِلَ فِي الْفُسْطَاطِ فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اطَّلَعَ فِي الْفُسْطَاطِ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ، فَقَالَ: لَقَدْ أَكْرَمَ اللهُ هَذَا الْعَبْدَ وَسَاقَهُ إِلَى خَيْرٍ قَدْ كَانَ الْإِسْلَامُ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ حَقًّا، وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ اثْنَتَيْنِ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ.زَادَ عُرْوَةُ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ عِنْدَ قَوْلِهِ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ هَذِهِ الْغَنَمُ عِنْدِي أَمَانَةٌ، قَالَ:أَخْرِجْهَا مِنَ الْمُعَسْكَرِ ثُمَّ صِحْ بها وارميها بِالْحَصْبَاءِ فَإِنَّ اللهَ سَيُؤَدِّي عَنْكَ أَمَانَتَكَ، وَأَعْجَبَتْ رَسُولَ الله صلى الله عليه وَسَلَّمَ كَلِمَتُهُ.وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ [ (٣) ] ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَحْمَدُ بن محمد العنزي،[ (٣) ] البيهقي عن جابر، والبيهقي عن انس، والبيهقي عن عروة، وعن موسى بن عقبة، ونقله ابن كثير في التاريخ (٤: ١٩٠- ١٩١) ، والصالحي في السيرة الشامية (٥: ٢٠١- ٢٠٢) .

Volume: 4 (Page:221)

English:

Hadith Narration of Khaibar Expedition

Narrated by Jabir ibn Abdullah: We were with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, during the Khaibar expedition when a small group went out and captured a man with his animals. They brought him to the Prophet, who spoke to him in the way Allah willed. The man then said, "I believe in you and what you have brought, but what about my animals? They are entrusted goods, including sheep and goats." The Prophet said, "Drive them, and their faces will turn back to their owners." He picked up a handful of dirt or pebbles and threw it towards the animals. They ran off and rejoined their herds.

The man later moved to tend to a wounded camel but was hit by an arrow and killed. He did not prostrate before Allah in prayer. The Prophet instructed, "Take him to al-Khala (a valley in Madinah)." After the Prophet checked on him, he remarked, "Your companion has been blessed with Islam. I entered upon him while he was alive, and indeed, he had two wives from the 'Hur al-Ayn with him.”

Narration of a Man's Battle for Paradise

A man, who was dark-skinned and unattractive, approached the Prophet, saying he had no wealth but desired Paradise. The Prophet assured him that if he fought valiantly until his death, he would enter Paradise. The man went to battle and was martyred. The Prophet praised him, stating that his countenance, soul, and wealth had been blessed by Allah.

Furthermore, the Prophet mentioned observing the man's two 'Hur al-Ayn wives quarreling over covering his body, indicating his high status in Paradise.

Arabic:

قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي حَيْوَةُ بْنُ شُرَيْحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ الْهَادِ عَنْ شُرَحْبِيلَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله، قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عليه وَسَلَّمَ فِي غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرَ خَرَجَتْ سَرِيَّةٌ، فَأَخَذُوا إِنْسَانًا معه غنم يرعاها، فجاؤوا بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسلم فَكَلَّمَهُ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يُكَلِّمَهُ بِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنِّي قَدْ آمَنْتُ بِكَ وَبِمَا جِئْتَ بِهِ فَكَيْفَ بِالْغَنَمِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَإِنَّهَا أَمَانَةٌ وَهِيَ لِلنَّاسِ الشَّاةُ وَالشَّاتَانِ وَأَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، قَالَ:«احْصِبْ وُجُوهَهَا تَرْجِعْ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا» ، فَأَخَذَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ حَصْبَاءَ أَوْ تُرَابٍ فَرَمَى بِهِ وُجُوهَهَا فَخَرَجَتْ تَشْتَدُّ حَتَّى دَخَلَتْ كُلُّ شَاةٍ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا، ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَى الصيف فَأَصَابَهُ سَهْمٌ فَقَتَلَهُ، وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ لِلَّهِ سَجْدَةً قَطُّ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَدْخِلُوهُ الْخِبَاءَ، فَأُدْخِلَ خِبَاءَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ، فَقَالَ: لَقَدْ حَسُنَ إِسْلَامُ صَاحِبِكُمْ، لَقَدْ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنَّ عِنْدَهُ لَزَوْجَتَيْنِ لَهُ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ.أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَحْمَشٍ الْفَقِيهُ قَالَ [ (٤) ] : أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْقَطَّانُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْأَزْهَرِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُؤَمَّلُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي حَمَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ثَابِتٌ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ أَسْوَدُ اللَّوْنِ قَبِيحُ الْوَجْهِ مُنْتِنُ الرِّيحِ لَا مَالَ لِي فَإِنْ قَاتَلْتُ هَؤُلَاءِ حَتَّى أُقْتَلَ أَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ: نَعَمْ فَتَقَدَّمَ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ فَأَتَى عَلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عليه وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ مَقْتُولٌ فَقَالَ: لَقَدْ أَحْسَنَ اللهُ وَجْهَكَ وَطَيَّبَ رُوحَكَ وَكَثَّرَ مَالَكَ قَالَ: وَقَالَ لِهَذَا أَوْ لِغَيْرِهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ زَوْجَتَيْهِ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ تُنَازِعَانِهِ جُبَّتَهُ عَنْهُ يَدْخُلَانِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ جِلْدِهِ وَجُبَّتِهِ.أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ المحمّدابادي، قال:[ (٤) ] رواه النسائي عن سويد بن نصر عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ المبارك نحوه، ونقله ابن كثير في التاريخ (٤:١٩١) عن البيهقي.

Volume: 4 (Page:222)

English:

The Migration and Martyrdom of Shaddad ibn Al-Had

In a narration transmitted by Shaddad ibn Al-Had, it is recounted that a man from the Arab tribes came to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), embraced Islam, and pledged allegiance. The Prophet then advised him to migrate along with him. As the Battle of Khaybar took place, the Prophet distributed the spoils of war among his companions, including the man in question. The man then presented his share to the Prophet, who inquired about it. The man replied that he had allocated it to the Prophet. He explained that he followed the Prophet not to enjoy the worldly gains but with the intention of being killed in the path of Allah, pointing to his throat with an arrow, seeking martyrdom and entry into Paradise. Acknowledging his sincerity, the Prophet sent him back to join the battle against the enemy.

During the confrontation, the man was fatally shot exactly where he had indicated. When brought to the Prophet, the companions confirmed his statement. The Prophet then bore witness, "Allah has surely spoken the truth," and personally performed his funeral rites. Prayer was offered for him, with the Prophet declaring, "This is Your servant who went forth migrating in Your cause and was killed as a martyr. I bear witness to him." It is further reported that Ata mentioned that they did not perform the funeral prayer for the martyrs of Uhud.

Arabic:

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عَمَّارٍ، أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ شَدَّادِ بْنِ الْهَادِ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ جَاءَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسلم فَآمَنَ وَاتَّبَعَهُ، فَقَالَ: أُهَاجِرُ مَعَكَ، فَأَوْصَى بِهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلم بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ غَزْوَةُ خَيْبَرَ غَنِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عليه وَسَلَّمَ فَقَسَّمَ، وَقَسَمَ لَهُ فَأَعْطَى أَصْحَابَهُ مَا قَسَمَ لَهُ، وَكَانَ يَرْعَى ظَهْرَهُمْ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ دَفَعُوهُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ: مَا هَذَا؟ قَالَ: قَسْمٌ قَسَمَهُ لَكَ، فَأَخَذَهُ فَجَاءَ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: مَا هَذَا يَا مُحَمَّدُ قَالَ: قَسْمٌ قَسَمْتُهُ لَكَ، قَالَ: مَا عَلَى هَذَا اتَّبَعْتُكَ وَلَكِنِّي اتَّبَعْتُكَ عَلَى أَنْ أُرْمَى هَاهُنَا وَأَشَارَ إِلَى حَلْقِهِ بِسَهْمٍ فَأَمُوتَ فَأَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ، فَقَالَ: إِنْ تَصْدُقِ اللهَ يَصْدُقْكَ، ثُمَّ نَهَضُوا إِلَى قِتَالِ الْعَدُوِّ فَأُتِيَ بِهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُحْمَلُ قَدْ أَصَابَهُ سَهْمٌ حَيْثُ أَشَارَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: هُوَ هُوَ قَالُوا نَعَمْ. قَالَ: «صَدَقَ اللهَ فَصَدَقَهُ» ، فَكَفَّنَهُ النبي صلى الله عليه وَسَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ قَدَّمَهُ وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ فَكَانَ، مِمَّا ظَهَرَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ اللهُمَّ هَذَا عَبْدُكَ خَرَجَ مُهَاجِرًا فِي سَبِيلِكَ قُتِلَ شَهِيدًا أَنَا عَلَيْهِ شَهِيدٌ.قَالَ عَطَاءٌ وَزَعَمُوا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَى أَهْلِ أُحُدٍ.

Vols: Intro, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Chapters