Book: Dalail an-Nubuwwah by Bayhaqi
باب قول الله عز وجل: يا أيها الرسول بلغ ما أنزل إليك من ربك وإن لم تفعل فما بلغت رسالته والله يعصمك من الناس ٥: ٦٧ [١] وما جاء في عصمة الله [تعالى] [٢] إياه حتى بلغ الرسالة وأدى الأمانة ونصح الأمة [٣] صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم.
Chapter: Chapter on God's verse, Mighty and Sublime is He: "O Messenger, convey what has been revealed to you from your Lord; and if you do not, then you have not conveyed His message. And Allah will protect you from the people" (5:67) [1] and what came regarding God's protection [exalted is He] [2] of him until he delivered the message, fulfilled the trust and advised the nation [3]. Peace and blessings be upon him and his family.
Volume: 2 (Page:184)
English:
Chapter on the Saying of Allah Almighty: "O Messenger, announce that which has been revealed to you from your Lord, and if you do not, then you have not conveyed His message. And Allah will protect you from the people." (Quran 5:67)
It has been narrated on the authority of Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to protect himself until the verse "And Allah will protect you from the people" was revealed. Then he removed his head from the cover and said to them, "O people, go away, for Allah has protected me."
It is reported by Ash-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) that when Allah sent His Prophet (peace be upon him), He revealed the obligations as He willed, with no questioning of His decree. Then He followed up each of them, one after another, adding one obligation after another, sometimes within the time of the obligation, sometimes before it.
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Volume: 2 (Page:185)
English:
The First Revelation
When Allah revealed the first verses of the Quran to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), it began with the command to read in the name of the Creator:
"Recite in the name of your Lord who created." (Quran, Al-Alaq: 96:1)
After a period passed and the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was concerned with the response of the disbelievers, the Angel Gabriel came to him and instructed him to teach the people about the revelation and call them to faith. The Prophet felt overwhelmed by this responsibility and feared rejection. Then, Allah revealed:
"O Messenger, proclaim what has been revealed to you from your Lord. And if you do not, then you have not conveyed His message. And Allah will protect you from the people.” (Quran, Al-Ma'idah: 5:67)
The Prophet was then assured of protection from physical harm until he had conveyed the message he was entrusted with. Thus, he fulfilled his duty to deliver the message, peace and blessings be upon him.
Witnessing the Prophet's Mission
Rabi'ah Al-Duwayliyyah narrated that she saw the Prophet going around in Zamzam, calling people to Allah, with a man behind him warning them not to be deceived by this new religion, mentioning Abu Lahab as the source of conflict.
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Volume: 2 (Page:186)
English:
The Prophet's Message to the People
Narrated by Rabia ibn 'Abbad:
A man from the tribe of Dail in the days of ignorance who later embraced Islam recounted that he saw the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, at Dhi al-Majaz. The Prophet was walking among people saying, "O people, say there is no god but Allah for success." Behind him, there was a man with thick hair, claiming that he was a lying fortune-teller. When asked about the man, he was told that he was Abu Lahab, the uncle of the Messenger of Allah. On that day, I provided the closest shade for my family.
Another Narration:
It was reported by Shu'bah from al-A'sha from a man of Kinanah that he saw the Prophet at the market of Dhi al-Majaz, calling people to say: "There is no god but Allah for success." A man behind him threw dust upon him, and this turned out to be Abu Jahl. He warned the people not to be deceived by him and to abandon the worship of Lat and 'Uzza.
Additional Insight:
Quraysh came to Abu Talib saying, "Your nephew has insulted our beliefs in our gatherings and mosque, so stop him." Abu Talib then asked Aqil to bring Muhammad to him. Aqil went and brought him from a house, saying that Muhammad was protected and brought him before Quraysh.
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Volume: 2 (Page:187)
English:
The Prophet's Peaceful Resolution with the Quraysh | النزاع بين النبي وقومه
In the Midst of Intense Heat | في شدة الحر
Abu Talib approached the Quraysh amidst intense heat and said, "Your clan accuses you of causing them harm in their gatherings and places of worship. Cease causing them harm." The Prophet Muhammad looked up towards the sky and asked if they could see the sun. When they confirmed, he said, "I could not stop it from you more than I could light a fire from it." Abu Talib responded, "By Allah, my son, you have never lied. Return."
Imam Bukhari narrated this incident from Muhammad ibn Al-Ala', from Yunus. Abu Abdullah informed us, stating that Abu Abbas narrated from Ahmad who narrated from Yunus, from Ibn Ishaq: "Yaqub ibn Aqabah ibn Al-Mughirah ibn Al-Akhnas told me that the Quraysh sent a message to Abu Talib regarding the matter. The Prophet said to him,
'O son of my brother, your people have come to me and complained. I urge you to resolve the matter peacefully and not burden me with more than I can bear. Spare your people from what they dislike of your words.' The Prophet feared his uncle would yield to pressure, weaken his resolve, and abandon standing with him."
Prophet Muhammad wept and said, "O uncle, even if the sun were placed in my right hand and the moon in my left, I would not abandon this mission until its truth is manifest by Allah, or I perish seeking it."
Afterward, when Abu Talib saw what had transpired with the Prophet, he told him, "Follow your course of action and do as you please, for I will never surrender you to anything whatsoever."
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Volume: 2 (Page:188)
English:
Ibn Ishaq's Account on Abu Talib's Poetry
Ibn Ishaq stated: Then Abu Talib said in a poem, when he gathered support for the defense of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, against the enmity of his people:
"By Allah, they will not reach you with all their numbers...
Until I am deep in the dust that covers me.
Proceed with your affair, you have nothing to fear...
Rejoice, and be reassured by that from you they are turning away.
You left me, claiming you were advising me...
Indeed, you spoke truthfully and you were trustworthy before.
And you presented a religion that I knew...
Was amongst the best religions of mankind.
Had it not been for blame or fear of censure...
You would have found me forgiving and clear.
And mention to Abu Talib in that regard, verses."
And in all of that, there is evidence that Allah, Exalted and Majestic, protected him with his uncle, opposing him in his religion, and he protected him where his uncle could not, by what He willed, without any opponent to His decree.
Abu al-Husayn ibn Bishran al-'Adl in Baghdad informed us that Isma'il ibn Muhammad al-Saffar said that Ibrahim ibn 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Dunuqa reported to him that Zakariya ibn 'Adi narrated to them that Mu'tamir ibn Sulaiman reported to us...
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Volume: 2 (Page:189)
English:
The Humility of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)
In a chain of narrators, it is reported that Abu Huraira said: Abu Jahl said, "Shall I prostrate Muhammad's face in the dirt in front of you?" They replied, "Yes." Abu Jahl then said, "By al-Lat and al-Uzza, if I see him do so, I will tread upon his neck and rub his face in the dust." The Prophet of Allah (peace be upon him) came while praying, lowering himself until his forehead touched the ground, and none of them could avoid it except by drawing back and sheltering their faces with their hands. They asked him, "What is wrong with you?" He replied, "I have a ditch of fire between me and him." Abu Abdullah added, "I saw wings and feathers" - and they both agreed. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "If he comes close to me, the angels would snatch him limb by limb." Allah revealed: "No! [But] indeed, man transgresses." up to the statement, "But if he denies and turns away - then let him call his assembly." (Al-Alaq, 96:06-07). This is the wording of Musaddad's narration, and Ibn Bashran did not mention the descent of the verse.