Book: Dalail an-Nubuwwah by Bayhaqi

Chapter on the Arrival of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) at Marr al-Zahran

In this chapter, the text discusses the arrival of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) at Marr al-Zahran, and the events surrounding the acceptance of Islam by Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, Hakim ibn Hizam, and Budayl ibn Warqa, as well as their agreement of protection with the people of Mecca based on certain conditions. It also highlights their entry into Mecca with the Muslims and the fulfillment of the promises made by Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him).

Hadith Narration

It was narrated by Ibn Abbas that during the Year of the Conquest, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib brought Abu Sufyan ibn Harb to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) at Marr al-Zahran where he embraced Islam. Abbas said to the Prophet (peace be upon him): "Abu Sufyan is a man who loves pride. If you were to grant him something..." The Prophet (peace be upon him) agreed and declared: "Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan is safe, and whoever locks his door is safe." (Recorded by Abu Dawood in the Book of Taxes and Leadership, Hadith 3021, page 3:162)

Source: Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Rudhbari narrated from Abu Bakr ibn Dasa, who narrated from Abu Dawud, who narrated from Uthman ibn Abi Shaybah, who narrated from Yahya ibn Adam, who narrated from Ibn Idrees, who narrated from Muhammad ibn Ishaq, who narrated from Az-Zuhri, who narrated from Ubaydullah ibn Abd Allah ibn Utbah, who narrated from Ibn Abbas.

Encounter on the Road to Mecca

In a white garment, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, "I will go out to the roads of ‘Arafat to perhaps see a wood gatherer or a milkman or someone who is heading to Mecca. I will inform them of the location of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, so they can come to him and feel safe." I went out and vowed to search for what I came for. When I heard the voices of Abu Sufyan, Hakim ibn Hizam, and Budayl ibn Warqa', who were discussing news about the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, I realized it was a significant meeting. Abu Sufyan remarked on the intensity of the flames he saw that day and Budayl identified them as the fires of Khaz'ah, an aggressive tribe, which Abu Sufyan agreed was more brutal than any other. Recognizing his voice, I said, 'O Abu Hanthala,' and he replied, 'Yes, O Abu al-Fadl.' I told him, 'Ride on this camel of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and he will lead you to safety. If he captures you, he will surely harm you.' As I rushed on the Messenger of Allah's camel towards him, passing Muslim fires along the way, people acknowledged me, stating, 'He is with the Messenger of Allah on the Messenger of Allah's camel.' When I passed by Umar ibn al-Khattab's fire, he looked behind and praised Allah for protecting me without any agreement or pact."

"As the Messenger of Allah came closer, the camel quickened its pace until we reached the gates of the dome. I overtook Umar as swiftly as a slow animal overtakes a sluggish man and entered as Umar arrived. He informed the Messenger of Allah, 'O Messenger of Allah, this is Abu Sufyan, the enemy of Allah, whom Allah has spared without any agreement or pact. Let me strike his neck,' to which I intervened, 'O Messenger of Allah, I have granted him safety.' I sat before the Messenger of Allah and as Umar continued speaking, I insisted, 'Wait, O Umar. I am doing this because he is a man of the Hashim clan.' When interpretation debatable: "Him," meaning "set them on fire," using the negligent "seen" version. Its essence stems from passion, courage, and intensity."

Conversation between Umar and Abd Manaf

Abd Manaf, even if you were from the descendants of Adi ibn Ka'b, you wouldn't have said this," Umar said. "Wait, O Abbas," he said. "By Allah, your acceptance of Islam on that day was dearer to me than the Islam of Al-Khattab if he were to embrace Islam. That is only because I knew that your Islam was more beloved to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) than the Islam of Al-Khattab if he were to embrace it," the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Take him, for we have granted him security until you bring him back to me in the morning for breakfast." He returned with him to his house, and in the morning, he brought him to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) saw him, he said, "Woe to you, Abu Sufyan! Isn't it time for you to realize that there is no god but Allah?" He responded, "As for my father and mother, may you benefit from them and be kind to them." By Allah, I thought if there was anyone with Allah besides Him, surely He would have enriched you with something after," he said. The Messenger of Allah then said, "Woe to you, Abu Sufyan! Isn't it time for you to realize that I am the Messenger of Allah?" "As for my father and mother, may you benefit from them and treat them kindly and honor them. By Allah, this is something that surely contains a portion of it in your heart," Abbas said. "So I said, 'Woe to you, testify to the truth before (is the time of) Allah before you lose your life.' And he testified," the Messenger of Allah said to Abbas when he testified, "Go, O Abbas, and keep him at the foot of the mountain pass when the soldiers of Allah pass by." So I said to him, "O Messenger of Allah, Abu Sufyan is a man who loves glory, so please give him something that will be in his people," he said. "Yes, whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan is safe, and whoever enters the mosque is safe, and whoever closes his house upon him is safe." So I escorted him until I detained him at the foot of mountain pass in the narrow valley.

The Conversation and Warning of the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) to the Quraysh

In a gathering of tribes, they inquired about the identities of individuals passing by. Each time, the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) mentioned someone, the response was disinterest. Finally, the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) passed accompanied by a group of migrants and supporters, with only the intense eyes of the group visible. Inquiring about them, someone asked Abu al-Fadl who they were, to which he replied that they were the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) and his companions. Astounded, he acknowledged the Prophet’s extraordinary position. Abu al-Fadl urged him to warn his people. Quickly making his way to Mecca, the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) shouted in the mosque, informing the Quraysh that he brought a message they must accept. Cautioning that whoever entered his house or the mosque would be safe, the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) ended his message, emphasizing the significance of his mission.

The Hadith Narration and Witnesses

After narrating this incident, Husayn ibn Abd Allah shared that the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) spoke specifically with the people of Mecca about honoring the peace treaty. This account is supported by various narrators, including Abdullah ibn Idris, Abu Ishaq, al-Zuhri, Ubayd Allah ibn Abd Allah ibn Utbah, and others who heard it directly from Ibn Abbas. Furthermore, there is corroborating evidence in the context of agreements made with the people of Mecca.

Narration Source

These details were passed down by Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz, who heard it from Abu Ja'far al-Baghdadi, who cited sources pointing to the authentic nature of the account. The incident was documented by Ibn Hisham in his biography, by Ishaq ibn Rahawayh through a reliable chain tracing back to Ibn Abbas, Musa ibn Uqbah via al-Zuhri and Ibn Abbas, and later mentioned by Ibn Kathir and al-Salhi in subsequent works.

Abu 'Ulatha Reports

Abu 'Ulatha reported: My father told us, saying: Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to us from Abu al-Aswad, from 'Urwah, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, set out with twelve thousand Emigrants and Helpers, along with Ghaifar, Aslam, Muzaynah, Juhaynah, Bani Sulaym, leading horses until they reached Marr al-Zahran. Quraish was unaware of their presence, so they sent Abu Sufyan and Hakim ibn Hizam to scout. They met Budayl ibn Warqa' who accompanied them until they were in the outskirts of Mecca. As they heard the sounds of horses, they were frightened, thinking it was Banu Ka'b coming to attack. Budayl reassured them that it was not so. Meanwhile, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, had sent out cavalry to scout, and they would not allow anyone to pass them.

Abu Sufyan Meets Muslims

When Abu Sufyan and his companions entered the camp of the Muslims at night, the horses startled them, and they arrived fearful of being killed. 'Umar ibn al-Khattab went to Abu Sufyan, grabbed his collar, and brought him to the Prophet, peace be upon him. The guards detained Abu Sufyan from reaching the Prophet, fearing for his safety. 'Abbas ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib, who had a previous relationship with Abu Sufyan, interceded and asked the Prophet to see him. Abu Sufyan was taken to the Prophet amidst the crowd. 'Umar had warned Abu Sufyan not to approach the Prophet until he passed away. Finally, 'Abbas confirmed that Abu Sufyan was under his protection, and they rode back through the camp until everyone saw him.

The Conversion of Abbas and Others

Abbas was released from their hands, and he said, "You are a dead man unless you submit and testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah." He seemed to want to say what Abbas was ordering him to say, but he couldn't bring himself to say it, so he stayed with Abbas. Hakim ibn Hizam and Badeel ibn Warqa then entered upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and embraced Islam. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) questioned them about the people of Mecca...

Abu Sufyan's Encounter

When the call to Fajr prayer was announced, Abu Sufyan was alarmed and asked what the people wanted. Abbas informed him that they were Muslims responding to the prayer call and in the presence of the Prophet. Abu Sufyan observed them praying and remarked that whatever the Prophet commanded, they obeyed. Abbas mentioned that if the Prophet forbade them from eating or drinking, they would also comply. Abu Sufyan was then advised to speak to the Prophet about obtaining forgiveness for his people...

Abu Sufyan's Pledge

Abu Sufyan then sought permission to speak to his people and invite them to Islam. He was allowed to do so by the Prophet, who advised him on how to approach his people with a sense of security. Abu Sufyan expressed his submission to the oneness of Allah and the prophethood of Muhammad, seeking forgiveness. Abbas interceded for Abu Sufyan and requested safe haven for him and his allies...

Caliphate of Al-Kalbi

Abbas set out with Abu Sufyan riding behind him. As they traveled, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, followed in their footsteps. When they reached a certain point after al-Marrikh, the horses passed them. Abu Sufyan, seeing unfamiliar faces, remarked, "O Messenger of Allah, these faces are numerous and I do not recognize them." The Prophet replied, "You and your people have indeed done that. These are the ones who believed in me when you rejected me, and supported me when you expelled me." He recounted the incident where Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah said, "Today is the day of battle... Today the sanctity is violated." However, he did not mention the Prophet's response to him but Abu Usamah narrated from Hisham ibn Urwah, from his father, a part of this incident where Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah said, "O Abu Sufyan, today is the day of battle... Today the Ka'bah is made lawful."

Encounter with Abu Sufyan

When the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, passed by Abu Sufyan, he asked, "Do you not know what Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah said?" Abu Sufyan replied, "What did he say?" The Prophet then explained what Sa'd had said, and although Sa'd was inaccurate, he mentioned that this was a day in which Allah honors the Ka'bah and in which the Ka'bah is clothed. This incident was narrated through various chains of transmission.

Prophet Muhammad's (peace be upon him) Encounter at Marrah

On that day, two men were killed from Khalid ibn al-Walid's cavalry: Hubaysh ibn al-Ash'ar and Kurz ibn Jabir al-Fihri. Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz informed us, saying: Isma'il ibn Muhammad ibn al-Fadl ibn Muhammad al-Sha'irani narrated to us that his grandfather told him, who was told by Ibrahim ibn al-Mundhir, who was told by Muhammad ibn Fulayh from Musa ibn 'Uqbah from Ibn Shihab. And Abu al-Husayn ibn al-Fadl al-Qattan from Baghdad narrated to us, saying: Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Ahmad ibn 'Attab al-Abdi informed us, who was told by al-Qasim ibn Abdullah ibn al-Mughirah, who was informed by Ibn Abi Uways, who was told by Isma'il ibn Ibrahim ibn 'Uqbah from his uncle Musa ibn 'Uqbah.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) and his Companions' Departure

The Prophet (peace be upon him) set out with around twelve thousand Emigrants and Helpers, as well as factions of the Arabs, including Aslam, Ghifar, Muzaynah, Juhaynah, and Banu Sulaym, who were in charge of the horses. Allah concealed their march from the people of Mecca until they reached Marrah. Quraysh then sent Abu Sufyan, Hakim ibn Hizam, and alongside them Badil ibn Warqa'. When they reached Marrah and saw the fires, tumult, and troops, thinking it to be Banu Ka'b, they retreated, only to realize their mistake. While they were confused, a group came upon them. The Prophet (peace be upon him) had sent them a guide from his tribe, who asked who they were, and they replied that they were the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and his Companions. Abu Sufyan remarked about this as resembling an army he had heard of previously, who had attacked without warning. When they met Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, he granted them asylum and escorted them, acknowledging Muhammad (peace be upon him) among the believers.

Conversion of Abu Sufyan to Islam

Upon embracing Islam, people entered upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and stayed with him for most of the night, conversing and questioning him. He then invited them to Islam, saying, "Bear witness that there is no god but Allah," and they testified. Then he said, "Bear witness that I am the Messenger of Allah," and Hakim and Budayl bore witness. Abu Sufyan expressed uncertainty but was impressed by the Muslims performing ablution and observed, "I have never seen such leadership, not even that of a king, Kisra, Caesar, or the sons of Al-A’sfar." He then requested to meet the Messenger of Allah.

Testimony to the Truth of Muhammad

Abu Sufyan admitted, "O Muhammad, indeed you have prevailed over my idols. By Allah, I have never encountered a situation where I wished for something except that it occurred to me. Had my god been true and yours false, I would have certainly defeated you. I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah." He then asked the Messenger to introduce him to the common people, inquiring about his lineage and tribe. Upon learning about their treacherous conduct, they acknowledged their wrongdoings. The Messenger of Allah clarified that the treacherous Quraish would regret their actions, expressing hope for divine victory, conquest of Mecca, and the honor of the Muslims.

Request for Security

Abu Sufyan sought the Prophet’s prayers for security, suggesting that if the Quraish withdrew, they would leave their possessions unguarded. The Prophet assured that any individual who withdrew and secured their home would be safe, even amidst adversities. Abu Sufyan acknowledged the wisdom of the Prophet, seeking his prayers for security and expressing concern for the rebels’ actions.

Setting Out for Mecca

Upon the Prophet's command to announce the pilgrimage, companions requested permission to do so. He instructed them to head towards Mecca and guaranteed safety to Abu Sufyan's house on the higher ground and Hakim's on the lower ground. The Prophet's uncle, al-Abbas, expressed concerns about Abu Sufyan possibly renouncing Islam. It was agreed to bring him back under guard, and the Prophet deployed troops around Mecca.

The Entry to Mecca

As the various tribes set out, they stood by their respective banners displaying their weaponry and equipment. The Prophet arrived before them with his battalions, which included Zubair ibn al-Awwam who entered Mecca from the higher ground and Khalid ibn al-Walid from the lower ground, with orders to secure various areas in Mecca. Saad ibn Ubada led the Ansar in the Prophet's vanguard while being instructed by the Prophet not to fight unless provoked.

Targeted Individuals

There was a directive to kill four specific individuals among the disbelievers, namely Abdullah ibn Saad ibn Abi Sarh, Al-Huwayrith ibn Nuqaydh, Ibn Khatal, and Muqis ibn Subaba from the Banu Layth, with a particular focus on two killings related to Ibn Khatal.

Selected Text from Classical Islamic Arabic Source

Abdullah ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Sarh embraced Islam, then apostatized. He sought intercession through Uthman on the Day of the Conquest, and his blood was spared. He later embraced Islam again, and his faith was accepted. Some of his actions were endorsed by Umar, then by Uthman. He died while prostrating in the morning prayer or just after it. He was among the generous and intellectual nobles of Quraysh, a noble knight of Banu 'Amir, and his story will be detailed.

Abdullah ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Sarh

Translation: Abdullah ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Sarh embraced Islam, then apostatized. He sought intercession through Uthman on the Day of the Conquest, and his blood was spared. He later embraced Islam again, and his faith was accepted. Some of his actions were endorsed by Umar, then by Uthman. He died while prostrating in the morning prayer or just after it. He was among the generous and intellectual nobles of Quraysh, a noble knight of Banu 'Amir, and his story will be detailed.

Abdullah ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Sarh

Akrimah ibn Abi Jahl

Translation: Akrimah ibn Abi Jahl accepted Islam, and his Islam was accepted.

Al-Huwayrith ibn Naqidh

Translation: Al-Huwayrith ibn Naqidh used to harm the Prophet Muhammad and incite against Zaynab bint Muhammad when she migrated to Al-Madinah. The Prophet commanded to have him killed.

This passage describes various individuals and events in early Islamic history, shedding light on the complexities and dynamics of the time.

Classical Arabic Text Translation

Sufyan, Hakim, and Budayl: Whenever a group passed by them, they would inquire about it until the Ansar (The Helpers) passed by, among them Sa'd ibn Ubadah. Sa'd called out to Abu Sufyan who responded...

Al-Baladhuri reported: He used to venerate the words about the Messenger of Allah, praising him and engaging in satire. He used to harm the Muslims in Mecca and Muqayyis. His father was a Muslim, but he killed a man from the Ansar. The Ansari had mistakenly killed Hisham during the expedition of Dhi Qarad, thinking he was an enemy. Muqayyis claimed blood money, then killed the Ansari, later renouncing Islam. Namila ibn Abdullah killed him on the day of Fatah. Wahbar ibn al-Aswad converted to Islam.

Al-Hawirith ibn Taltal al-Khuza'i: Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) killed him, as mentioned by Abu Mashar. Ka'b ibn Zuhayr converted to Islam and praised him, as recorded by al-Hakim. Wahshi ibn Harb fled to Ta'if during the Battle of Uhud, later converting along with the city's people.

Sarah, a serving woman: She had asked the Prophet (peace be upon him) for help before the conquest of Mecca. She mentioned her poverty, to which the Prophet asked her if her people could not support her through singing. She then returned to her people.

Hind bint Utbah, wife of Abu Sufyan: She had embraced Islam after mutilating Hamza, the Prophet's uncle. He forgave her.

A'rab and Qaynatan: They used to mock the Prophet until one converted and the other was killed. According to Ibn Ishaq, Faratna converted, and Qariba was killed.

Umm Sa'd: She was killed, as mentioned by Ibn Ishaq. The Hafiz states that she might be one of the previously mentioned.

The Day of the Battle

Today is the day of the battle... today the sanctity is violated. When the Prophet (peace be upon him) passed by Abu Sufyan and the Emigrants, he said: "O Messenger of Allah, you have commanded your people to be killed." Sa'd ibn Ubadah and those with him called me. Sa'd said: "Today is the day of the battle... today the sanctity is violated. I implore Allah for your people." So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) sent for Sa'd ibn Ubadah and dismissed him, appointing Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam in his place among the Ansar with the Emigrants. Zubayr led the people until he reached the area of Hujun, where he planted the banner of the Messenger of Allah, and Khalid ibn al-Walid proceeded until he entered the lower part of Mecca, where he was met by the people of Bakr and fought them, but was inevitably defeated. Twenty of the people of Bakr were killed, and from Hudhayl three or four were killed. They were routed and slain at Hazwarah until their killing reached the gate of the mosque. Some fled entering the houses while a portion climbed the mountains. The Muslims followed them with swords. The Messenger of Allah entered among the early Emigrants and the rest of the people. Abu Sufyan shouted upon entering Mecca: "Who closes his door and withholds his hand is safe." Hind, the wife of Abu Sufyan, grabbed his beard and called out: "'O family of Ghalib, kill this foolish old man, won't you fight and protect yourselves and your lands?" Abu Sufyan told her to be quiet and go back home because the man had brought peace. When the Prophet descended from the hills, he noticed the strange appearance on the mountain caused by the pagans with torches shining. Asking about it, he was told that they thought Khalid had been killed which led to the fighting. The Emigrants believed it was necessary to retaliate for those who attacked them, and they would not disobey or go against the Prophet's orders. The Prophet came down from the hills and headed toward Hujun. Zubayr ibn al-Awwam stood at the gate of the mosque, and two of the companions were wounded.

Biography of Kurz ibn Jabir

Kurz ibn Jabir was the brother of Banu Muharib ibn Fihri and Hubaysh ibn Khalid, known as Khalid al-Ash'ar. He belonged to the Banu Ka'b tribe. On a day when the Prophet Muhammad peace and blessings be upon him ordered the killing of Abd Allah ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Sarh, who had apostatized after the migration, Kurz hid until people were at ease. He then approached wanting to pledge allegiance to the Prophet Muhammad, but one of his companions stepped forward to kill him. However, no one acted on it as they were unaware of the intention of the Prophet Muhammad. One of them said that had the Prophet signaled, he would have struck his neck, but the Prophet forbade such an act.

The Role of Uthman ibn Affan

It is reported that Uthman ibn Affan, may God be pleased with him, gave protection to Kurz. Kurz had a foster brother from the same wet nurse. Kurz was involved in a conflict where one group was killed while the other was saved due to being granted security. The Prophet Muhammad then performed Tawaf around the Kaaba seven times on his camel, and the disbelievers watched as he did so. Once he completed the rounds, he dismounted, and the camel was taken away. He then prostrated twice, then at Zamzam, he looked into it and said: "Had the Banu Abd al-Muttalib not been overburdened with watering [the pilgrims], I would have replaced Zamzam with my hands."

Final Actions near the Kaaba

The Prophet Muhammad then moved toward a section of the mosque close to the station of Ibrahim, claimed to be where Kurz ibn Jabir al-Fihri converted after the Hijra. The Prophet entrusted him with an army to pursue the two men from the 'Arnain tribe who had killed their shepherd.

Prophet Muhammad's Decision

Upon reaching Makkah, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) decided to give a place to the Black Stone near the Kaaba. He then called for water from Zamzam, drank from it, performed ablution, and Muslims followed his lead. The polytheists watched in amazement, remarking they had never seen such a distinguished king before.

Request for Safe Passage

Umayr ibn Wahb sought permission from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) to grant safety to Safwan ibn Umayya. Safwan, who had attempted to escape towards the sea, was eventually intercepted by Umayr. Despite Safwan's doubts, Umayr assured him of the Prophet's security pledge.

Safe Return

Initially hesitant, Safwan finally felt assured upon the sight of an item the Prophet gave to Umayr as a token of safety. Umayr then led Safwan back to the Prophet, who affirmed Safwan's secured status and allowed him a period of respite. Safwan, acknowledging the Prophet's immense grant, requested further time for reflection.

Meeting with the Prophet and Embracing Islam

Um Hakim bint al-Harith bin Hisham, a Muslim, came to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) seeking permission to visit her husband. The Prophet granted her request, ensuring her safety. As she journeyed with her Roman slave, the slave tried to take advantage of her, but she resisted. When they encountered people from the tribe of Akk, she sought their help and they protected her.

A Scene of Bravery and Loyalty

Um Hakim's husband, Ikrima, saw the Prophet and hastened towards him, demonstrating joy as he pledged allegiance. His wife, Tihama, also embraced Islam. Another man from Hudhayl, upon witnessing his defeat against his wife, met a similar fate. When asked about him, he was identified as Umair bin Wahb. Safwan, suspecting foul play by Umair, was astonished at the Prophet's honorable conduct and eventually accepted Islam.

Instilling Trust and Respect

Umair returned to the Prophet and requested a sign for Safwan to believe him. The Prophet then handed his turban to Umair—a symbol that verified his authenticity. With this display of trust, Safwan accompanied Umair back to the Prophet, where he acknowledged the Prophet's leadership among the Muslims.

Translation of Classical Arabic Text

Key Points:

• Statement by Ibn Shihaab quoting Himas, the brother of Bani Sa'd bin Layth.
• Conversation between Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and Khalid bin Al-Waleed regarding fighting after being forbidden.
• Prophet Muhammad's response emphasizing that the decree of Allah is better.
• The entry of Prophet Muhammad into Mecca and the conquest in the month of Ramadan in the eighth year.
• An incident involving Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) dreaming about the Prophet and a warning regarding Abu Sufyan.
• Poetry by Hassaan bin Thabit describing the Prophet's exit to Mecca.

Translation:

Ibn Shihaab said: Himas, the brother of Bani Sa'd bin Layth, said: Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, asked Khalid bin Al-Waleed, "Why did you fight when you were forbidden to do so?" Khalid replied, "They initiated the battle, armed us, encouraged us, and I defended as much as I could." The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, "The decree of Allah is best." The Prophet entered Mecca and achieved victory in Ramadan of the eighth year. Abu Bakr once said to the Prophet, "I saw you and myself close to Mecca in a dream. A dog appeared, licking milk. You said, 'Their dog is gone, but their wealth remains. They seek your help, and they will meet you. If you encounter Abu Sufyan, do not kill him.' They met Abu Sufyan and others with pride, yet treated them courteously."

Hassaan bin Thabit composed poetry about the Prophet's journey to Mecca. He depicted the horses slicing through dust, their hooves swift, and their riders armed with swords, severing limbs and skulls without mercy. Despite the battle, the Prophet forbade any ill words against them.

Key Points from the Arabic Text

• Admonition to follow the path of Allah
• Gabriel and the Holy Spirit are mentioned
• Warning against disrespecting the Messenger of Allah
• Anecdote about the Prophet's smile at Abu Bakr and his interaction with women and horses
• Accounts of the Prophet's actions at various locations

Translation

If you turn away from us, we shall perform the 'Umrah rites, and the truth shall prevail, and the veil be lifted. Otherwise, endure for the pending calamity. In it, Allah will help whomsoever He wills. Gabriel, the Messenger of Allah among us, and the Holy Spirit, there is none like unto Him. You defamed Muhammad, yet I answered on his behalf, and with Allah is the ultimate recompense.

So whoever reviles the Messenger of Allah among you and praises him and supports him, my firm tongue knows no fault in him.a sea that cannot be stirred by any goblets.

It is reported that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, smiled at Abu Bakr when he saw women striking the horses with their headscarves. And it was narrated by Abu Al-Aswad from Urwah that the Prophet was camping at Dhi Tuwa and said, "How did Hassaan say?" A man from his companions replied, "He said, 'Dismantle my tent if you do not see it trembling from my shoulders like a disease.'"

They were commanded, and they entered the horses from where Hassaan had said.

Translation adapted from shaykhspirit.com

Story of Ikrimah's Conversion to Islam

It was narrated by 'Urwah that on his way to catch up with his wife who had fled with part of his wealth, Ikrimah bin Abi Jahl found himself on a ship where he uttered the names of idols. The ship's crew told him that only Allah should be invoked sincerely. To this, Ikrimah vowed that if he found himself alone in the sea, he would still worship Allah alone. Subsequently, Ikrimah returned to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), embraced Islam, and pledged allegiance to him.

Completion of Verses by Hassan bin Thabit

Other verses attributed to Hassan bin Thabit were mentioned. Abu 'Abdullah al-Hafiz informed us, quoting Abu Bakr bin Ishaq, who cited Ahmad bin Ibrahim, who relayed from Ibn Bukayr, who narrated from Al-Layth (who is Al-Layth ibn Sa'd). Abu Zakariyya bin Abi Ishaq Al-Muzakki informed us, citing Abu Al-Husayn Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Abdus Al-Tarayfyy, who mentioned Usman bin Saeed Ad-Darimi, who narrated from Abdullah bin Salih, who heard from Al-Layth, who reported from Khalid bin Yazid, who learned from Sa'id bin Abi Hilal, who was told by 'Umara bin Ghaziyya, who narrated from Muhammad bin Ibrahim, who recounted a story from Abu Salama bin 'Abdul-Rahman, who narrated from 'A'ishah, who reported that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: 'Incite Quraish, for it pains them more than the hitting of the nobles.' The Prophet then sent someone to Ibn Rawaha, instructing him to incite them, but when he did not succeed, he sent to Ka'b bin Malik, and later to Hassan bin Thabit. Upon arriving, Hassan said, 'The time is near, the story of Ikrimah's conversion to Islam will be told later.'

Translation of the Text

For you (39) is the opportunity to send this lion (40) who lashes out with his tail, then (41) provoke his tongue, so he started moving it, he said: "By the One who sent you with the truth! I will certainly tear them apart with my piercing tongue" (42) He said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him, said: Do not rush, indeed Abu Bakr is the most knowledgeable of Quraysh concerning their lineages and I have a kinship among them until he clears (43) your lineage for you," Hassan came to him, and then he returned and said: “O Messenger of Allah, indeed your lineage has been cleared for you.” By Him who has sent you with the truth, I will certainly ask for you among them (44) as the hair is sifted from flour. Aisha said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, say to Hassan: "Indeed, the Holy Spirit continues to support you as long as you defend Allah and His Messenger.” And she said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, saying: “Hassan interceded for them and he recovered and avanged”. Hassan said: "You have interceded for Muhammad and I have responded on his behalf... And with Allah, in that recompense, you interceded for Muhammad, devoted and pure... The Messenger of Allah, his trait is loyalty."

Explanation of Key Points

(39) It is time for you

(40) (Who lashes out with his tail) Scholars said: what is meant by his tail here is his tongue. He likened himself to a lion in his revenge and cruelty when angered, hitting with his tail like paws. Just as Hassan did with his tongue when he provoked it and made it move, likening himself to a lion.

(41) (Provoked his tongue) means he removed it from between his lips. It is said: provoked his tongue. And he provoked his own tongue.

(42) (I will certainly tear them apart with my piercing tongue) means I will shred their dignity like tearing away skin.

(43) In Sahih Muslim: "until he clears your lineage for you".

(44) (Recovered and avenged) means he healed the believers and retaliated for himself against what he suffered from the disbelievers, tearing it apart and defending Islam and the Muslims.

(45) (You interceded for Muhammad as a devoted and pure follower) In many copies: straight, instead of pure. So, wide goodness and benefit, taken from the definition of excellent. It is a comprehensive name for goodness. It was said: excellent here means avoiding sins. As for straight, it is said to mean righteous, and the most correct is that it means inclining towards goodness. The pure one follows the creed of Ibrahim peace be upon him.

Interpretation of Classical Arabic Text

46. "Verily, my father and his dignity..."

This is used by Ibn Qutaybah to argue that a person's honor is in himself and not his ancestors, as his honor is mentioned alongside his ancestors.

47. "Preservation is protection"

This refers to how something is preserved or safeguarded.

48. "My structure has deteriorated"

Al-Sanusi said "deterioration" refers to the loss of a child, and "my structure" is a diminutive form for "daughter." The differences in pronunciation are due to variations in dialects.

49. "You stir the dust"

This means to raise and provoke the dust.

50. "Like an illness on my shoulders"

It means both sides are afflicted like an illness, and the word "illness" is repeated referring to a specific entrance in Makkah.

51. "They compete with sharp spears"

It is said in another version that it means to challenge heavy spears.

52. "Facing advancing forces"

It means facing and directing towards.

53. "The smooth spears and the parched spearheads"

This indicates sharp spears and dry spearheads, resembling thirst for enemies' blood.

Translation

Jinns of our horses galloping.

Our horses are speeding like rain, one after the other.

Women striking them with their head covers.

They cover the horses' heads with their head covers to protect them from dust, out of honor and dignity.

If you turn away from us, we will perform Umrah.

They performed Umrah, meaning they visited the sacred house according to the known conditions, as a sign of victory and the unveiling of what Allah promised through His Prophet.

The conquest happened and the veil lifted.

Unless you are patient for the result of a day that will honor those whom He wills.

Allah said: "I have sent a servant... who speaks the truth."

He has made it easy for them, the Ansar, who are presented every day for combat, abuse, or verbal arguments.

Translation of the Classical Arabic Text

In the narration of Ibn Bukayr:

Regarding us (the Ansar) in every conflict, there is reviling or fighting or slander. So, whoever slanders the Messenger of Allah among you … and praises him and supports him equally is Angel Gabriel, the Messenger of Allah among us ... and the Holy Spirit (Angel Gabriel) is incomparable to him. This was narrated by Muslim in the Sahih from the hadith of Layth ibn Sa’d.

The commentator Al-Burquqi said:

“Regarding us,” meaning the Ansar, and his statement “from conflict” means the Quraysh because they are from the lineage of `Adnan.”

His statement "is incomparable to him":

Meaning there is no equal to him nor anyone who can resist him.

Narrated by Muslim through the chain of Abd al-Malik ibn Shu'ayb ibn al-Layth, from his father, from his grandfather in:

44- Book of the Virtues of the Companions, 34- Chapter of the Virtues of Hassan ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), Hadith 157, p. 1935.