Book: Dalail an-Nubuwwah by Bayhaqi

باب ما جاء في إخبار النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بالطاعون الذي وقع بالشام في أصحابه في عهد عمر بن الخطاب - رضي الله عنه -

Chapter: Chapter: What has been narrated about Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, informing about the plague that occurred in Sham (Syria and surrounding area) among his companions during the reign of Umar bin Al-Khattab - may God be pleased with him-

Volume: 6 (Page:383)

English:

The Prophet's Report on the Plague in Syria

In this narration, it is reported that during the time of Umar ibn Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), a plague had occurred in Syria. The hadith chain begins with Busrah ibn Ubaydullah Al-Hadhrami who narrates from Abu Idrees Al-Khawlani, who in turn narrates from Awf ibn Malik Al-Ashja'i:

Awf visited the Prophet (peace be upon him) during the Tabuk campaign. The Prophet was in a secluded area, and upon greeting him, the Prophet invited Awf in and advised him to safeguard six things before the Day of Judgment. One of those things was his own death. Awf was taken aback by this and asked the Prophet to clarify, to which the Prophet emphasized that it would be one death. The Prophet then mentioned the opening of Jerusalem, followed by two deaths that would occur in the Muslim community. These deaths would be a means of purification for the believers and the redistribution of wealth. The hadith is recorded by Imam Bukhari.

It is important to note that there is a slight variation in the wording of the hadith in different collections, such as Ibn Majah's collection, where it refers to the deaths as taking people like a shepherd taking sheep. This prophetic report serves as a reminder of the impending trials and tribulations before the Day of Judgment.

Arabic:

بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي إِخْبَارِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالطَّاعُونِ الَّذِي وَقَعَ بِالشَّامِ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ فِي عَهْدِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ- رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ-أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عَامِرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ زَبْرٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ بُسْرَ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ الْحَضْرَمِيَّ، عَنْ أَبِي إِدْرِيسَ الْخَوْلَانِيِّ، عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ، قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ وَهُوَ فِي خِبَاءٍ مِنْ أَدَمٍ فَجَلَسْتُ بِفِنَاءِ الْخِبَاءِ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّ وَقَالَ: ادْخُلْ يَا عَوْفُ! فَقُلْتُ: أَكُلِّي أَمْ بَعْضِي؟ قَالَ: كُلُّكَ فَدَخَلْتُ فَوَافَيْتُهُ يَتَوَضَّأُ وُضُوءًا مَكِيثًا ثُمَّ قَالَ، يَا عَوْفُ احْفَظْ خِلَالًا سِتًّا بَيْنَ يَدَيِ السَّاعَةِ إِحْدَاهُنَّ مَوْتِي، قَالَ عَوْفٌ: فَوُجِمْتُ عِنْدَهَا وَجْمَةً شَدِيدَةً فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قُلْ: إِحْدَى، فَقُلْتُ: إِحْدَى. ثُمَّ قَالَ فَتْحُ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ. أَظُنُّهُ قَالَ ثُمَّ مُوتَانٌ يَظْهَرُ فِيكُمْ يَسْتَشْهِدُ اللهُ بِهِ ذَرَارِيَّكُمْ وَأَنْفُسَكُمْ وَيُزَكِّي بِهِ أَمْوَالَكُمْ ثُمَّ اسْتِفَاضَةُ الْمَالِ بَيْنَكُمْ ... » وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ.رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنِ الْحُمَيْدِيِّ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: ثُمَّ مُوتَانٌ يَأْخُذُ فيكم كقعاص الغنم [ (١) ] .[ (١) ] أخرجه البخاري في: ٥٨- كتاب الجزية، (١٥) باب ما يحذر من الغدر، الحديث (٣١٧٦) ، فتح الباري (٦: ٢٧٧) عن الحميدي.وأخرجه ابن ماجة في الفتن، (٢٥) باب أشراط الساعة، الحديث (٤٠٤٢) ، صفحة (٢: ١٣٤١- ١٣٤٢) ، وبعضه في الأدب مِنْ سُنَنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ.

Volume: 6 (Page:384)

English:

First Narration:

Narrated to us Muhammad ibn Abdullah Al-Hafiz, narrated to us Abu Al-Abbas Al-Mahboubi, narrated to us Saeed ibn Masud, narrated to us Al-Nadr ibn Shumayl, narrated to us Shu'bah, from Yazid ibn Khumayr, who said: "I heard Shurahbil ibn Shuf'ah saying: 'The plague broke out in Sham. Amr ibn Al-Aas said it is a punishment, so people avoided him.' Ibn Hasana said: 'I accompanied the Messenger of Allah, may peace and blessings be upon him, and indeed Amr ibn Al-Aas is more misguided than a stray camel. He is a mercy from your Lord, a supplication from your Prophet, and the fulfillment of the righteous before you. So gather around him and do not separate, these words reached Amr ibn Al-Aas, and he said, "True."

Second Narration:

Narrated to us Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz and Abu Saeed ibn Abi Amr, they said: Narrated to us Abu Al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, narrated to us Al-Abbas ibn Muhammad, narrated to us Yahya ibn Kathir, narrated to us Abu Bakr Al-Nahshali, narrated to us Ziyad ibn Ilaqah, from Usamah ibn Shareek, who said: 'We set out in a group of twelve from Bani Tha'labah and came to know that Abu Musa has settled in a place. We went to him and heard him narrating from the Messenger of Allah, may peace and blessings be upon him, that he said: 'O Allah! Make the demise of my Ummah due to stabbing and plague.' We said: 'We know what stabbing is, but what is the plague?' He replied: 'It is the stabbing of your enemies from the jinn, and in it, every living thing will be a martyr.'"

Third Narration:

Narrated to us Abu Nasr ibn Qatadah, narrated to us Abu Al-Hasan: Muhammad ibn Al-Hasan Al-Sarraj, narrated to us Mutayyan, narrated to us Hudbah ibn Khalid, narrated to us Abdul Wahid ibn Ziyad, from Aasim Al-Ahwal, from Kurayb ibn Al-Harith ibn Abi Musa, from Abu Burdah ibn Qais, brother of Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari, that the Messenger of Allah, may peace and blessings be upon him, said: 'O Allah! Make the demise of my Ummah due to stabbing and plague.'

Arabic:

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْمَحْبُوبِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، حَدَّثَنَا النَّضْرُ بْنُ شُمَيْلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ خُمَيْرٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ شُرَحْبِيلَ بْنَ شُفْعَةَ، قَالَ: وَقَعَ الطَّاعُونُ بِالشَّامِ فَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ إِنَّهُ رِجْسٌ، فَتَفَرَّقُوا عَنْهُ فَقَالَ ابْنُ حَسَنَةَ: أَنَا صَحِبْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ لَأَضَلُّ مِنْ بَعِيرِ أَهْلِهِ، وَإِنَّهُ رَحْمَةُ رَبِّكُمْ وَدَعْوَةُ نَبِيِّكُمْ وَوَفَاةُ الصَّالِحِينَ قَبْلَكُمْ فَاجْتَمِعُوا لَهُ وَلَا تَفَرَّقُوا عَنْهُ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ، فَقَالَ: صَدَقَ.أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وأبو سعيد بن أَبِي عَمْرٍو، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، حَدَّثَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّهْشَلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا زِيَادُ بْنُ عِلَاقَةَ، عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ شَرِيكٍ، قَالَ: خَرَجْنَا فِي اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ مِنْ بَنِي ثَعْلَبَةَ فَبَلَغَنَا أَنَّ أَبَا مُوسَى نَزَلَ مَنْزِلًا فَأَتَيْنَاهُ فَسَمِعْنَاهُ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: اللهُمَّ اجْعَلْ فَنَاءَ أُمَّتِي بِالطَّعْنِ وَالطَّاعُونِ، قُلْنَا: هَذَا الطَّعْنُ قَدْ عَرَفْنَاهُ فَمَا الطَّاعُونُ قَالَ وَخْزُ أَعْدَائِكُمْ مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَفِي كُلٍّ شُهَدَاءُ [ (٢) ] .وأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ السَّرَّاجُ، حَدَّثَنَا مُطَيَّنٌ، حَدَّثَنَا هُدْبَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ، عَنْ كُرَيْبِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَبِي مُوسَى، عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ أَخِي أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «اللهُمَّ اجْعَلْ فَنَاءَ أُمَّتِي فِي سَبِيلِكَ بالطعن والطاعون [ (٣) ] .[ (٢) ] مسند احمد (٤: ٣٩٥، ٤١٣) .[ (٣) ] أخرجه الإمام احمد في «المسند» (٣: ٤٣٧) و (٤: ٢٣٨، ٣٩٥، ٤١٧) .

Volume: 6 (Page:385)

English:

Translation of Classical Arabic Text

Abu Zakariyya ibn Abi Ishaq informed us: Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub narrated to us, who reported from Muhammad ibn Nasr, who relayed from Ibn Wahb, who narrated from Ibn Lahia, from Abdullah ibn Hayyan, that he heard Sulaiman ibn Musa mention that the plague broke out among the people on the day of Jisr Amousa. Amr ibn al-As stood up and said, "O people, indeed this is a contagion, so stay away from it." Shurahbeel responded, saying, "O people, I have heard what your companion said, and I bear witness that I have embraced Islam, prayed, and swear by Allah that Amr is more astray in guiding his people than a camel is from its pack. Verily, this is a trial that Allah has sent, so be patient." Mu'adh ibn Jabal stood up and said, "O people, I have heard the statements of your two companions. This plague is a mercy from your Lord and a supplication from your Prophet. I have heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, say, 'You will advance to Sham and descend on a land known as Jisr Amousa. In it, two groups will come out looking like the wings of flies. Allah will have you bear witness by yourselves and your offspring, and He will purify your wealth with it.' O Allah, if You know that I heard this from the Messenger of Allah, then bless Mu'adh and the family of Mu'adh with the fullest portion of that blessing and do not spare them from it." Mu'adh was then stabbed in the finger. Looking at it, he said, "O Allah, bless it, for when You bless something small, it becomes great." Then his son was also stabbed, and when he entered upon him, he said, "The truth is from your Lord, so do not be among the doubters." He stated, "You will find me, if Allah wills, among the patient ones."

[4] In another narration: "More astray than a camel from its pack."

[5] Musnad Ahmad (4:195-196)

[6] Surah Al-Baqarah (2:147)

[7] Surah As-Saffat (37:102)

Arabic:

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ مُوسَى يَذْكُرُ أَنَّ الطَّاعُونَ وَقَعَ بِالنَّاسِ يَوْمَ جِسْرِ عَمُوسَةَ فَقَامَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ فَقَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّمَا هَذَا الْوَجْهُ رِجْسٌ فَتَنَحَّوْا مِنْهُ فَقَالَ شُرَحْبِيلُ، فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي قَدْ سَمِعْتُ قَوْلَ صَاحِبَكُمْ وَإِنِّي وَاللهِ لَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ وَصَلَّيْتُ وَإِنَّ عَمْرًا لَأَضَلُّ مِنْ بَعِيرِ [ (٤) ] أَهْلِهِ وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ بَلَاءٌ أَنْزَلَهُ اللهُ فَاصْبِرُوا فَقَامَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ فَقَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي قَدْ سَمِعْتُ قَوْلَ صَاحِبَيْكُمْ هَذَيْنِ، وَإِنَّ هَذَا الطَّاعُونَ رَحْمَةُ رَبِّكُمْ وَدَعْوَةُ نَبِيِّكُمْ وإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «إِنَّكُمْ سَتَقْدَمُونَ الشَّامَ فَتَنْزِلُونَ أَرْضًا يُقَالُ لَهَا جِسْرُ عَمُوسَةَ يَخْرُجُ بِكُمْ فِيهَا خُرْجَانٌ لَهَا ذُبَابٌ كَذُبَابِ الدُّمَّلِ يَسْتَشْهِدُ اللهُ بِهِ أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَذَرَارِيَّكُمْ وَيُزَكِّي بِهِ أَمْوَالَكُمْ» [ (٥) ] . اللهُمَّ إِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمَ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ هَذَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَارْزُقْ مُعَاذًا وَآلَ مُعَاذٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْحَظِّ الْأَوْفَى وَلَا تُعَافِهِ مِنْهُ، قَالَ: فَطُعِنَ فِي السَّبَّابَةِ، فَجَعَلَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا، وَيَقُولُ: اللهُمَّ بَارِكَ فِيهَا فَإِنَّكَ إِذَا بَارَكْتَ فِي الصَّغِيرِ كَانَ كَبِيرًا، ثُمَّ طُعِنَ ابْنُهُ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّكَ فَلا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُمْتَرِينَ [ (٦) ] . قَالَ: سَتَجِدُنِي إِنْ شاءَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الصَّابِرِينَ [ (٧) ] .[ (٤) ] وفي رواية: «أضل من حمار اهله» .[ (٥) ] مسند أحمد (٤: ١٩٥- ١٩٦) .[ (٦) ] [البقرة- ١٤٧] .[ (٧) ] [الصافات- ١٠٢] .

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